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This research examines the engineering economics of sustainable power supply chains, integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) concerns and energy equity considerations. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study analyzed 500 power projects across 50 countries over 10 years. Key findings include: (1) renewable energy achieving cost parity with fossil fuels in 80% of markets; (2) high-ESG projects showing 15% higher returns; and (3) high energy equity projects demonstrating 23% lower cancellation rates. The study proposes an integrated framework combining traditional economic metrics with ESG and equity factors. Monte Carlo simulations reveal lower risk profiles for renewables, while time series analysis projects continued cost reductions. The research highlights the need for holistic approaches in energy planning, emphasizing balanced consideration of economic, environmental, social, and governance factors to achieve sustainable and equitable power systems. It underscores the necessity of a paradigm shift in engineering economic analysis of power supply chains.
