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"This book leverages the author's expertise in accident investigation to address safety in academic and research institutions, focusing on accident prevention through scientific methods. Drawing on real-world case studies, the book provides practical guidance on hazard identification, risk management, and accident investigation, while emphasizing the need for structured safety systems like Business Continuity Management (BCM) and Safety Management Systems (SMS). Targeted at health and safety professionals, researchers, and faculty, it offers valuable insights into preventing and mitigating accidents in laboratories and fieldwork through data-driven, systematic approaches"--
List of contents
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xiii
Preface xv
About the Author xvii
Acknowledgments xix
1 Current State of Accidents at Universities 1 1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Background 2
1.3 Modes and Effects of Human Error 3
1.4 Transition from Human Error to Human Factors 7
1.5 Development of the SHEL Model 9
1.6 Change in the Social System and the Shift from Criminal to Safety Investigations 11
1.7 Widespread Use of SMSs 13
1.8 Development of the Swiss Cheese Model 14
1.9 Characteristics of Universities and Other Academic Institutions and SMSs 15
1.10 Explosion Accidents in Universities 16
1.11 Consequences of Inexhaustive and Nonscientific Accident Investigation 19
1.12 Challenges in Preventing Accidents in Universities, etc. 21
1.13 Conclusion 24
2 Mechanisms of Accident Occurrence 27 2.1 Introduction 27
2.2 Concept of Hazard and Accident 28
2.3 Effect of a Layer of Defense 32
2.4 Situation of Defenses in Depth and Accidents 37
2.5 Near Misses 38
2.6 Lessons Learned 44
2.7 Conclusion 52
3 Accident Models 55 3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Historical Background of Accident Models 56
3.3 Problems in Each Accident Model 59
3.4 Accident Models Applicable to Each Industry 74
3.5 Conclusion 77
4 Risk Management and Safety Management Systems 81 4.1 Introduction 81
4.2 Differences Between Risk Assessment and Risk Management 82
4.3 Concept of the Risk Management Process 83
4.4 The Core of the Safety Management System 90
4.5 Organizational Structure and Authority 97
4.6 Conclusion 106
5 Human Factors 109 5.1 Introduction 109
5.2 Background 109
5.3 Aims and Scope of Human Factors Investigations 110
5.4 SHEL Model Applicable to Accidents at Universities, etc. 110
5.5 Safety Culture 129
5.6 Conclusion 136
6 Accident Investigation and Analysis 139 6.1 Introduction 139
6.2 Points to Be Considered When Conducting Accident Investigations at Universities, etc. 139
6.3 Accident Investigation at the Accident Site 140
6.4 Witnesses Interviewing 147
6.5 Assessing the Evidence 152
6.6 Analysis Process 153
6.7 Writing the Accident Investigation Report 157
6.8 Follow-up Actions After Issuing Reports 160
6.9 Conclusion 161
7 Contributing Factors Found in Accidents 165 7.1 Introduction 165
7.2 Methods of Utilizing Accident Factors 166
7.3 Software/Procedures 166
7.4 Hardware/Equipment 169
7.5 Environment/Atmosphere 170
7.6 Operators/Researchers 174
7.7 Organizations/Universities 175
7.8 Conclusion 178
8 Systematic Accident Prevention 181 8.1 Introduction 181
8.2 Education 182
8.3 Workplace Inspections and Internal Audits 196
8.4 Investigation of Near Misses and Accidents 199
8.5 Follow-up Action 200
8.6 Using the Data 200
8.7 Conclusion 203
Abbreviations 207
Index 209
About the author
Koji Fukuoka is the President of BCP&BCM Consulting in Tokyo, Japan. Formerly, he was a professor at Kyushu University. He has spent most of his career as both a scientist and practitioner for safety systems in various fields including at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Japan Transport Safety Board (JTSB), and Japan Coast Guard (JCG), as well as in various maritime industries.
