Respiratory System

PEATE'S BODY SYSTEMS
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM A CONCISE, ILLUSTRATED, AND ACCESSIBLE GUIDE TO THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Each of the twelve volumes in Peate's Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Offering clear, accessible and up-to-date information on different body systems, this series bridges the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in health and care settings. This series makes for an invaluable resource for those committed to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life. The Respiratory System is the perfect companion for students and newly registered practitioners across nursing and allied health fields with an interest in respiratory care, providing a comprehensive yet easy-to-digest guide for both academic and clinical application.

• Equips healthcare students and practitioners with the necessary information to provide safe and competent care
• Features colourful illustrations to aid comprehension, clarify complicated concepts, and render content more engaging and accessible
• Empowers readers to adapt to a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, preparing them for the future of healthcare delivery
• Contains information necessary for effective patient care of those with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, lung cancer and other respiratory diseases and conditions

List of contents

Preface viii 
Acknowledgements x 
1 Anatomy and Physiology: The Respiratory System 1 
The Respiratory System 1 
The Upper Respiratory Tract 2 
The Lower Respiratory Tract 3 
Blood Supply 7 
Respiration 8 
Pulmonary Ventilation 8 
External Respiration 11 
Ventilation and Perfusion 12 
Transportation of Gases 12 
Internal Respiration 14 
Conclusion 14 
Glossary of Terms 15 
Multiple Choice Questions 16 
References 17 
2 Respiratory Assessment 18 
Airway Obstruction 18 
Rapid Breathing Assessment 18 
Objective and Subjective Data 22 
Vital Signs 22 
Assessing Respirations 23 
Oxygen Saturations 24 
The Patient History 25 
Cough 26 
The Physical Examination 27 
Interpretation of the Findings 37 
Conclusion 37 
Glossary of Terms 37 
Multiple Choice Questions 38 
References 39 
3 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 41 
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 41 
Epidemiology 43 
Risk Factors 44 
Clinical Presentation 45 
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 46 
Management 49 
Health Teaching 51 
Conclusion 53 
Glossary of Terms 53 
Multiple Choice Questions 54 
References 55 
4 Asthma 57 
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Asthma 57 
Asthma Triggers 60 
Epidemiology 62 
Risk Factors 62 
Clinical Presentation 63 
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 65 
Management 68 
Status Asthmaticus 69 
Health Teaching 71 
Inhalers 72 
Spacers (Aerosol Holding Chambers) 73 
Conclusion 74  
Glossary of Terms 74 
Multiple Choice Questions 75 
References 76 
5 Pneumonia 78 
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Pneumonia 78 
Community-Acquired Pneumonia 79 
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia 79 
Pathophysiology 79 
Epidemiology 81 
Risk Factors 81 
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia 83 
Clinical Presentation 84 
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 85 
Management 86 
Risk Stratification 86 
Supportive Measures 87 
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia 87 
Nebulisers 88 
Advising Patients on Nebuliser Use 91 
Care Provision 92 
Health Teaching 93 
Conclusion 93 
Glossary of Terms 93 
Multiple Choice Questions 94 
References 96 
6 Lung Cancer 97 
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Lung Cancer 97 
Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma and Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma 97 
Epidemiology 98 
Risk Factors 99 
Clinical Presentation 100 
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 101 
Staging and Grading 103 
Tumour, Node and Metastasis Staging 104 
Management 106 
Rapid Diagnostic Centres 107 
Surgery 108 
Radiation Therapy with Curative Intent 108 
Palliative Radiation Treatment 108 
Chemotherapy, Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy 108 
Laser Therapy, Cryotherapy and Tracheobronchial Stents 108 
Palliative Care 109 
Health Teaching 109 
Conclusion 109 
Glossary of Terms 110 
Multiple Choice Questions 111 
References 112 
7 Tuberculosis 114 
Notifiable Diseases 114 
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with TB 115 
Aetiology of TB 116 
Stages or Forms of TB 117 
Primary TB infection 117 
Latent TB 117 
Active TB Disease 118 
Reactivation of TB 118 
Epidemiology 119 
Risk Factors 119 
Clinical Presentation 121 
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 121 
Management 123 
Health Teaching 125 
BCG Immunisation Programme 126 
Conclusion 126 
Glossary of Terms 127 
Multiple Choice Questions 127 
References 128 
8 Pulmonary Embolism 130 
Deep Vein Thrombosis 130 
Venous Thromboembolism 130 
Virchow's Triad 130 
Thrombogenesis 131 
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with PE 133 
Prognosis 135 
Epidemiology 135 
Risk Factors 136 
Clinical Presentation 136 
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 138 
Management 140 
Urgent Care 140 
General Management 140 
Anticoagulants 141 
Health Teaching 142 
Conclusion 143 
Glossary of Terms 143 
Multiple Choice Questions 144 
References 145 
MCQ Answers 147 
Index 148

About the author

IAN PEATE is a Visiting Professor at Northumbria University, a Senior Clinical Fellow at the University of Hertfordshire, and a Professorial Fellow at the University of Roehampton. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Nursing and the Consultant Editor of the Journal of Paramedic Practice and the International Journal of Advancing Practice.

Product details

• Authors: Ian Peate, Ian (Northumbria University Peate, Ian (University of Hertfordshire Peate, Peate Ian, University of
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 27.02.2025
• EAN: 9781394252381
• ISBN: 978-1-394-25238-1
• No. of pages: 176
• Series: Body Systems; Peate's Body Systems
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Medicine > Clinical medicine; Anatomy, Pathology, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL / Anatomy, MEDICAL / Pulmonary & Thoracic Medicine, MEDICAL / Pathophysiology, Clinical & internal medicine