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This book focuses on private tutoring (sometimes also known as "shadow education"), an important but neglected topic in applied linguistics and language education research. Private tutoring has become a popular out-of-school learning activity worldwide. While its scope and definition are expanding, private tutoring commonly refers to the "paid service students used to supplement their learning of academic subjects at school outside school hours" (Yung, 2019). Around the world, English language is one of the most popularly enrolled subjects in private tutoring, including both English as a first language and English as an additional language (EAL). Despite its popularity and implications for theories, practices, and policies, research on English private tutoring is still in its infancy. This book aims to provide an international perspective on the interface between applied linguistics and comparative education and open up an agenda for discussion in theories, practices,and policies in English language teaching (ELT). It will be of interest to students, scholars, and policy-makers in these and related areas.
List of contents
Private Tutoring: A Global Phenomenon in ELT (Kevin Wai Ho Yung and Anas Hajar).- Researching English Private Tutoring in English as an Additional Language Countries: Theories and Issues.- Investing in English Private Tutoring to Achieve an Ideal Multilingual Self: Evidence from Post-Soviet Kazakhstan (Anas Hajar).- Washback on Teaching in High School and the Role of EPT (David Allan).- The Nature and Scope of English Private Tutoring: an Analysis of the Shadowing Process and Middle-Class Identity in Globalising India (Achala Gupta).- Chinese Parents' Agency in Children's English Learning in Private Tutoring: An Ecological Perspective (Chun Zeng amd Kevin Wai Ho Yung).- Practices and Policies of English Private Tutoring: Case Studies in English as an Additional Language Countries.- The Dynamics of Private Tutoring and the English Language in Bangladesh (M. Obaidul Hamid & Rafsan Mahmud).- A Sociocultural Perspective on English Private Tutoring in South Korea in the Last Two Decades: A Critical Review (Byungmin Lee and In Chull Jang).- English Private Tutoring: The Case of Brazil (Alexandre Ventura and Candido Alberto Gomes).- The Role of English Private Tutoring for English Grades and Study Abroad Intent: The Case of Germany (Steve R. Entrich and Mona Syrbe).- Tutors' Perspectives of English Private Tuition in France: Challenges and Implications (Noemi Rámila Díaz).- English Private Tutoring at a Transition Point in Morocco's Education System: Its Scale, Nature and Effectiveness (Ali Ait Si Mhamed, Anas Hajar and Meriem Fadli).- English Private Tutoring for Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities in English-Speaking Countries.- ESL Private Tuition in the UK: Social Mobility and Discourses of Integration (Philip Kirby).- Non-Formal Adult English Tutoring in the United States (Tasha Bleistein).- Shadow Education in Literacy for Migrant Students Learning in English as an Additional Language in Australian Primary Schools (Karen Dooley, Elizabeth Briant and Megan Kimber).- Private tutoring in English: Lessons learnt and ways forward (Anas Hajar and Kevin Wai Ho Yung).
