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The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide that positive actions be taken to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution-air, water, soil, and noise. Because pollution is a direct or indirect consequence of waste, the seemingly idealistic demand for "zero discharge" can be construed as an unrealistic demand for zero waste. However, as long as waste continues to exist, we can only attempt to abate the subsequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. Three major questions usually arise when a particular type of pollution has been identi?ed: (1) How serious is the pollution? (2) Is the technology to abate it available? and (3) Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? This book is one of the volumes of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series. The principal intention of this series is to help readers formulate answers to the last two questions above. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to speci?c pollution problems has been a major contributing factor to the success of environmental en- neering, and has accounted in large measure for the establishment of a "methodology of pollution control. " However, the realization of the ever-increasing complexity and interrelated nature of current environmental problems renders it imperative that intelligent planning of pollution abatement systems be undertaken.
List of contents
Principles and Kinetics of Biological Processes.- Vertical Shaft Bioreactors.- Aerobic Granulation Technology.- Membrane Bioreactors.- SBR Systems for Biological Nutrient Removal.- Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification (SymBio® Process).- Single-Sludge Biological Systems for Nutrients Removal.- Selection and Design of Nitrogen Removal Processes.- Column Bioreactor Clarifier Process (CBCP).- Upflow Sludge Blanket Filtration.- Anaerobic Lagoons and Storage Ponds.- Vertical Shaft Digestion, Flotation, and Biofiltration.- Land Application of Biosolids.- Deep-Well Injection for Waste Management.- Natural Biological Treatment Processes.- Emerging Suspended-Growth Biological Processes.- Emerging Attached-Growth Biological Processes.
