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Michal Kosinski, Kosinski Michal, John Rust, John Kosinski Rust, Rust John, David Stillwell...
Modern Psychometrics - The Science of Psychological Assessment
English · Hardback
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Description
This popular text introduces the reader to all aspects of psychometric assessment, including its history, how to construct and administer traditional tests and the latest techniques for psychometric assessment online.
List of contents
1. The history and evolution of psychometric testing
Introduction
What is psychometrics?
Psychometrics in the 21st century
History of assessment
- Chinese origins
The ability to learn
The nineteenth century
- Intelligence testing
Eugenics and the dark decades
- The dark ages come to an end
An abundance of abilities
- Personality
Integrity
Interests
Motivation
Values
Temperament
Attitude
Belief
2. Constructing your own psychometric questionnaire
The purpose of the questionnaire
Making a blueprint
Writing items
- Alternate-choice items
Multiple-choice items
Rating-scale items
All questionnaires
Knowledge-based questionnaires
Person-based questionnaires
Piloting the questionnaire
Item analysis
- Facility
Discrimination
Distractors
- Cronbach’s alpha
Split-half reliability
- Face validity
Content validity
3. The Psychometric principles
Reliability
- Test-retest reliability
Parallel-forms reliability
Split-half reliability
Interrater reliability
Internal consistency
The standard error of measurement (SEM)
Comparing test reliabilities
Restriction of range
- Face validity
Content validity
Predictive validity
Concurrent validity
Construct validity
Differential validity
- Norm referencing
Criterion referencing
- Differential item functioning
Measurement invariance
Adverse impact
4. Psychometric measurement
True-score theory
Identification of latent traits with factor analysis
- Spearman’s two-factor theory
Vector algebra and factor rotation
Moving into more dimensions
Multidimensional scaling
- Eigenvalues
Identifying the number of factors to extract using the Kaiser criterion
Identifying the number of factors to extract using the Cattell scree test
Other techniques for identifying the number of factors to extract
Factor rotation
Rotation to simple structure
Orthogonal rotation
Oblique rotation
Criticisms of psychometric measurement theory
- The Platonic true score
Psychological vs. physical true scores
Functional assessment and competency testing
Machine learning and the black box
5. Item response theory and computer adaptive testing
Introduction
Item banks
- The Rasch model
Assessment of educational standards
The Birnbaum model
- Computer adaptive testing
Item equating
Polytomous IRT
- Limitations of classical test theory
- The logistic curve
3PL-model: difficulty parameter
3PL model: discrimination parameter
3PL model: guessing parameter
The Fisher information function
The test information function and its relationship to the standard error of measurement
How to score an IRT test
Summary of item response theory
Confirmatory factor analysis
6. Personality theory
Theories of personality
- Psychoanalytic theory
Humanistic theory
Social learning theory
Behavioral genetics
Type and trait theories
Different approaches to personality assessment
- Self-report techniques and personality profiles
Reports by others
Online digital footprints
Situational assessments
Projective measures
Observations of behavior
Task performance methods
Polygraph methods
Repertory grids
- Self-report techniques and personality profiles
Reports by others
Online digital footprints
Situational assessments
Projective measures
Observations of behavior
Task performance methods
Polygraph methods
Repertory grids
State versus trait measures
Ipsative scaling
Spurious validity and the Barnum Effect
Summary
7. Personality assessment in the workplace
Prediction of successful employment outcomes
- Validation of personality questionnaires previously used in employment
Historical antecedents to the five-factor model
Stability of the five-factor model
Cross-cultural aspects of the five-factor model
Scale independence and the role of facets
Challenges to scale construction for the five-factor model
Impression management
Acquiescence
Response bias and factor structure
Development of the five OBPI personality scales
- The impact of behaviorism
Prepsychological theories of integrity
Modern integrity testing
Psychiatry and the medical model
The dysfunctional tendencies
The dark triad
Assessing integrity at work
The OBPI integrity scales
8. Employing digital footprints in psychometrics
Introduction
Types of digital footprint
- Usage logs
Language data
Mobile sensors
Images and audiovisual data
- Replacing and complimenting traditional measures
New contexts and new constructs
Predicting future behavior
Studying human behavior
Supporting the development of traditional measures
- High ecological validity
Greater detail and longitude
Less control over the assessment environment
Greater speed and unobtrusiveness
Less privacy and control
No anonymity
Bias
Enrichment of existing constructs
Developing digital-footprint-based psychometric measures
Collecting digital footprints
- How much data is needed?
- Respondent-footprint matrix
Data sparsity
- Singular value decomposition
Latent Dirichlet allocation
9. Psychometrics in the era of the intelligent machine
History of computerization in psychometrics
- Computerized statistics
Computerized item banks
Computerized item generation
Automated advice and report systems
- Expert systems
Neural networks (machine learning)
Parallel processing
Predicting with statistics and machine learning
Explainability
- What and where is cyberspace?
The medium is the message
- Kohlberg’s theory of moral development
Do machines have morals?
The laws of robotics
Artificial general intelligence
About the author
John Rust is the founder of The Psychometrics Centre at the University of Cambridge, UK. He is a Senior Member of Darwin College, UK, and an Associate Fellow of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, University of Cambridge, UK.
Michal Kosinski is an associate professor of organizational behavior at Stanford Graduate School of Business, USA.
David Stillwell is the academic director of the Psychometrics Centre at the University of Cambridge, UK. He is also a reader in computational social science at the Cambridge Judge Business School, UK.
Summary
This popular text introduces the reader to all aspects of psychometric assessment, including its history, how to construct and administer traditional tests and the latest techniques for psychometric assessment online.
Product details
| Authors | Michal Kosinski, Kosinski Michal, John Rust, John Kosinski Rust, Rust John, David Stillwell, Stillwell David |
| Publisher | Taylor & Francis Ltd. |
| Languages | English |
| Product format | Hardback |
| Released | 24.12.2020 |
| EAN | 9781138638631 |
| ISBN | 978-1-138-63863-1 |
| No. of pages | 180 |
| Subjects |
Humanities, art, music
> Psychology
> Theoretical psychology
Non-fiction book > Psychology, esoterics, spirituality, anthroposophy > Psychology: general, reference works PSYCHOLOGY / General, PSYCHOLOGY / Statistics, PSYCHOLOGY / Assessment, Testing & Measurement, computer science, Cognition & cognitive psychology, Social, group or collective psychology, Cognition and cognitive psychology, Privacy & data protection, Privacy and data protection, Psychological testing & measurement, Legal aspects of IT, Psychological testing and measurement, Digital and information technologies: Legal aspects |
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