Gis and Geocomputation for Water Resource Science and Engineering

Informationen zum Autor Barnali Dixon is a Professor in the Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Geography at the University of South Florida St. Petersburg (USFSP) and the Director of the Geospatial Analytics Lab of USFSP. Venkatesh Uddameri is a Professor in the Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering at Texas Tech University and the Director of the TTU Water Resources Center.  Klappentext GIS and Geocomputation for Water Resource Science and Engineering not only provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of geographic information systems but also demonstrates how GIS and mathematical models can be integrated to develop spatial decision support systems to support water resources planning, management and engineering. The book uses a hands-on active learning approach to introduce fundamental concepts and numerous case-studies are provided to reinforce learning and demonstrate practical aspects. The benefits and challenges of using GIS in environmental and water resources fields are clearly tackled in this book, demonstrating how these technologies can be used to harness increasingly available digital data to develop spatially-oriented sustainable solutions. In addition to providing a strong grounding on fundamentals, the book also demonstrates how GIS can be combined with traditional physics-based and statistical models as well as information-theoretic tools like neural networks and fuzzy set theory. Zusammenfassung Provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of geographic information systems. This book also demonstrates how GIS and mathematical models can be integrated to develop spatial decision support systems to support water resources planning, management and engineering. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xiii About the Companion Website xv List of Acronyms xvii Part I GIS, Geocomputation, and GIS Data 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 What is geocomputation? 3 1.2 Geocomputation and water resources science and engineering 4 1.3 GIS-enabled geocomputation in water resources science and engineering 5 1.4 Why should water resources engineers and scientists study GIS 5 1.5 Motivation and organization of this book 6 1.6 Concluding remarks 7 References 9 2 A Brief History of GIS and Its Use in Water Resources Engineering 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - software and hardware 11 2.3 Remote sensing and global positioning systems and development of GIS 12 2.4 History of GIS in water resources applications 13 2.5 Recent trends in GIS 19 2.6 Benefits of using GIS in water resources engineering and science 20 2.7 Challenges and limitations of GIS-based approach to water resources engineering 20 2.7.1 Limitation 1: incompatibilities between real-world and GIS modeled systems 20 2.7.2 Limitation 2: inability of GIS to effectively handle time dimension 21 2.7.3 Limitation 3: subjectivity arising from the availability of multiple geoprocessing tools 21 2.7.4 Limitation 4: ground-truthing and caution against extrapolation 21 2.7.5 Limitation 5: crisp representation of fuzzy geographic boundaries 21 2.7.6 Limitation 6: dynamic rescaling of maps and intrinsic resampling operations by GIS software 22 2.7.7 Limitation 7: inadequate or improper understanding of scale and resolution of the datasets 22 2.7.8 Limitation 8: limited support for handling of advanced mathematical algorithms 22 2.8 Concluding remarks 23 References 25 3 Hydrologic Systems and Spatial Datasets 27 3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 Hydrological processes in a watershed 27 3.3 Fundamental spatial datasets for water resources planning: management and modeling studies 28 3.3.1 Digit...

List of contents

Preface xiii
 
About the Companion Website xv
 
List of Acronyms xvii
 
Part I GIS, Geocomputation, and GIS Data 1
 
1 Introduction 3
 
1.1 What is geocomputation? 3
 
1.2 Geocomputation and water resources science and engineering 4
 
1.3 GIS-enabled geocomputation in water resources science and engineering 5
 
1.4 Why should water resources engineers and scientists study GIS 5
 
1.5 Motivation and organization of this book 6
 
1.6 Concluding remarks 7
 
References 9
 
2 A Brief History of GIS and Its Use in Water Resources Engineering 11
 
2.1 Introduction 11
 
2.2 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - software and hardware 11
 
2.3 Remote sensing and global positioning systems and development of GIS 12
 
2.4 History of GIS in water resources applications 13
 
2.5 Recent trends in GIS 19
 
2.6 Benefits of using GIS in water resources engineering and science 20
 
2.7 Challenges and limitations of GIS-based approach to water resources engineering 20
 
2.8 Concluding remarks 23
 
References 25
 
3 Hydrologic Systems and Spatial Datasets 27
 
3.1 Introduction 27
 
3.2 Hydrological processes in a watershed 27
 
3.3 Fundamental spatial datasets for water resources planning: management and modeling studies 28
 
3.4 Sources of data for developing digital elevation models 30
 
3.5 Sensitivity of hydrologic models to DEM resolution 31
 
3.6 Accuracy issues surrounding land use land cover maps 32
 
3.7 Sensitivity of hydrologic models to LULC resolution 34
 
3.8 Sources of data for developing soil maps 36
 
3.9 Accuracy issues surrounding soil mapping 37
 
3.10 Sensitivity of hydrologic models to soils resolution 38
 
3.11 Concluding remarks 43
 
References 44
 
4 Water-Related Geospatial Datasets 47
 
4.1 Introduction 47
 
4.2 River basin, watershed, and subwatershed delineations 47
 
4.3 Streamflow and river stage data 48
 
4.4 Groundwater level data 48
 
4.5 Climate datasets 48
 
4.6 Vegetation indices 49
 
4.7 Soil moisture mapping 49
 
4.8 Water quality datasets 51
 
4.9 Monitoring strategies and needs 51
 
4.10 Sampling techniques and recent advancements in sensing technologies 52
 
4.11 Concluding remarks 53
 
References 53
 
5 Data Sources and Models 55
 
5.1 Digital data warehouses and repositories 55
 
5.2 Software for GIS and geocomputations 55
 
5.3 Software and data models for water resources applications 59
 
5.4 Concluding remarks 60
 
References 60
 
Part II Foundations of GIS 61
 
6 Data Models for GIS 63
 
6.1 Introduction 63
 
6.2 Data types, data entry, and data models 63
 
6.3 Categorization of spatial datasets 65
 
6.4 Database structure, storage, and organization 71
 
6.5 Data storage and encoding 75
 
6.6 Data conversion 76
 
6.7 Concluding remarks 78
 
References 80
 
7 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Remote Sensing 81
 
7.1 Introduction 81
 
7.2 The global positioning system (GPS) 81
 
7.3 Use of GPS in water resources engineering studies 82
 
7.4 Workflow for GPS data collection 83
 
7.5 Aerial and satellite remote sensing and imagery 83
 
7.6 Data and cost of acquiring remotely sensed data 84
 
7.7 Principles of remote sensing 85
 
7.8 Remote sensing applications in water resources engineering and science 88
 
7.9 B

Product details

• Authors: Barnali Dixon, Barnali Uddameri Dixon, Dixon Barnali, Venkatesh Uddameri, Uddameri Venkatesh
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 05.02.2016
• EAN: 9781118354148
• ISBN: 978-1-118-35414-8
• No. of pages: 568
• Series: Wiley Works
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Geosciences > Geography; Umwelttechnik, Geowissenschaften, Geoinformationssystem, Earth Sciences, Environmental engineering, GIS u. Fernerkundung, GIS & Remote Sensing, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Water Resource Management, Wasservorrat, Management von Wasservorräten