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Quantum technologies have seen a tremendous upsurge in recent years. Bell nonlocality, one of the most striking discoveries triggered by quantum theory, has been instrumental in this trend. It states that in some situations measurements of physical systems do not reveal pre-existing properties, but properties are created by the measurement itself.
List of contents
- I Classical Bell Nonlocality
- 1: First Encounter with Bell Nonlocality
- 2: Formalising Bell Nonlocality
- 3: Bell Nonlocality in Quantum Theory
- 4: Review of Birpartite Bell Scenarios
- 5: Multipartite Bell Nonlocality
- II Nonlocality as a Tool for Certification
- 6: The Set of Quantum Behaviours
- 7: Device-Independent Self-Testing
- 8: Certifying Randomness
- III Foundational Insights from Nonlocality
- 9: Nonlocality in the No-Signaling Framework
- 10: The Quest for Device-Independent Quantum Principles
- 11: Signaling and Measurement Dependence
- 12: Epilogue
- Appendix A: History Museum
- Appendix B: Experimental Platforms: A Reading Guide
- Appendix C: Notions of Quantum Theory Used in This Book
- Appendix D: LV Models for Single Systems
- Appendix E: Basic Notions of Convex Optimisation
- Appendix F: Device-Independent Certification: History and Review
- Appendix G: Repository of Technicalities
About the author
Valerio Scarani was born in Milan in 1972. He graduated from Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne in 1996 and received his doctorate in physics from the same institution in 2000. He then moved to the University of Geneva, where he started working on quantum information science, notably quantum cryptography and Bell nonlocality. In 2007 he joined the National University of Singapore, as a member of the Physics Department and Principal Investigator at the Centre for Quantum Technologies.
Summary
This is an open access title. It is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International licence. It is available to read and download as a PDF version on the Oxford Academic platform.
The development of quantum technologies has seen a tremendous upsurge in recent years, and the theory of Bell nonlocality has been key in making these technologies possible. Bell nonlocality is one of the most striking discoveries triggered by quantum theory. It states that in some situations, measurements of physical systems do not reveal pre-existing properties; rather, the property is created by the measurement itself. In 1964, John Bell demonstrated that the predictions of quantum theory are incompatible with the assumption that outcomes are predetermined. This phenomenon has been observed beyond any doubt in the last decades. It is an observation that is here to stay, even if quantum theory were to be replaced in the future. Besides having fundamental implications, nonlocality is so specific that it can be used to develop and certify reliable quantum devices.
This book is a logical, rather than historical, presentation of nonlocality and its applications. Part 1 opens with a survey of the meaning of Bell nonlocality and its interpretations, then delves into the mathematical formalisation of this phenomenon, and finally into its manifestations in quantum theory. Part 2 is devoted to the possibility of using the evidence of nonlocality for certification of devices for quantum technologies. Part 3 explores some of the extensions and consequences of nonlocality for the foundations of physics.
Additional text
Bell nonlocality is the phenomenon in which quantum physics more radically departs from
our classical intuition. It is not only relevant for our understanding of quantum theory, but has
also acquired the status of a resource, as it is the key ingredient for “device-independent”
certification of quantum resources. In this book, Scarani, expert in the study of Bell nonlocality,
describes these ideas, providing a unified view of Bell nonlocality both as a fundamental
and a practical concept.
