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Structural Adhesives
Uniquely provides up-to-date and comprehensive information on the topic in an easily-accessible form.
A structural adhesive can be described as a high-strength adhesive material that is isotropic in nature and bonds two or more parts together in a load-bearing structure. A structural adhesive material must be capable of transmitting the stress/load without loss of structural integrity within design limits. There are many types of established structural adhesives, including epoxy, urethane, acrylic, silicone, etc.
Structural Adhesives comprises nine chapters and is divided into two parts: Part 1, Preparation, Properties, and Characterization; Part 2, Applications.
The topics covered include: structural epoxy adhesives; biological reinforcement of epoxies as structural adhesives; marble dust reinforced epoxy structural adhesive composites; characterization of various structural adhesive materials; effects of shear and peel stress distributions on the behavior of structural adhesives; the inelastic response of structural aerospace adhesives; structural reactive acrylic adhesives: their preparation, characterization, properties, and applications; application of structural adhesives in composite connections; and naval applications of structural adhesives.
Audience
This book should be of much use and interest to adhesionists, materials scientists, adhesive technologists, polymer scientists, and those working in the construction, railway, automotive, aviation, bridge, and shipbuilding industries.
List of contents
Preface xiii
Part 1: Preparation, Properties and Characterization 1
1 Structural Epoxy Adhesives 3
Chunfu Chen
1.1 Introduction 4
1.2 Epoxy Adhesive Chemistry 4
1.2.1 Epoxy Resins 4
1.2.2 Curing Agents and Catalysts 7
1.2.3 Formulating Epoxy Adhesives 10
1.3 Properties, Testing and Characterization 11
1.4 Typical Epoxy Adhesives 13
1.4.1 Room Temperature Cure Epoxy Adhesives 13
1.4.2 Thermal Cure Epoxy Adhesives 14
1.4.3 UV Cure Epoxy Adhesives 16
1.5 Recent Developments and New Trends 18
1.5.1 High Performance Toughened Epoxy Adhesives 18
1.5.2 Low Temperature Cure One-Component Epoxy Adhesives 19
1.5.3 Instant Bonding Epoxy Adhesives 20
1.5.4 Sustainable Epoxy Adhesive Development 22
1.6 Summary 22
References 23
2 Biological Reinforcement of Epoxies as Structural Adhesives 31
Anna Rudawska, Jakub Szabelski, Izabela Miturska-BaraDska and El|bieta Doluk
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Epoxy Resins and Curing Agents 33
2.2.1 Epoxy Resins 33
2.2.2 Curing Agents 34
2.2.3 Curing Methods 38
2.2.4 Epoxy Structural Adhesives 40
2.3 Modification of Epoxies, and Modifying Agents 41
2.3.1 Epoxy Modification Methods 41
2.3.2 Fillers Properties 44
2.3.3 Fillers Types 45
2.3.3.1 Filler Classification Criterion: Type of Material 46
2.3.3.2 Filler Classification Criterion: Shape of the Filler Particles 47
2.3.3.3 Filler Classification Criterion: Filler Particle Size 48
2.3.3.4 Filler Classification Criterion: Origin 49
2.3.3.5 Filler Classification Criterion: Activity 50
2.4 Biological Reinforcement of Epoxy Adhesives 51
2.4.1 Introduction 51
2.4.2 Types of Biological Reinforcements 51
2.4.2.1 Natural Fibers 53
2.4.2.2 Wood 53
2.4.2.3 Vegetable Oils 58
2.4.2.4 Fungi 59
2.4.2.5 Extracted Plant Ingredients 60
2.4.2.6 Nut Shells 64
2.4.2.7 Straw 65
2.4.3 Natural Fibers 66
2.4.4 Plant Fibers 68
2.4.4.1 Cotton Fibers 68
2.4.4.2 Hemp Fibers 68
2.4.4.3 Linen (Flax) Fibers 69
2.4.4.4 Jute Fibers 71
2.4.4.5 Sisal Fibers 72
2.4.4.6 Coconut (Coir) Fibers 73
2.4.4.7 Cellulose Fibers 74
2.4.4.8 Bamboo Fibers 76
2.4.4.9 Kenaf Fibers 77
2.4.4.10 Other Fibers 78
2.5 Fungi-Modified Adhesives 80
2.6 Prospects 83
2.7 Summary 84
References 85
3 Marble Dust Reinforced Epoxy Structural Adhesive Composites 105
Amar Patnaik, Pankaj Agarwal, Ankush Sharma, Deepika Shekhawat and Tapan Kumar Patnaik
3.1 Introduction 106
3.2 Materials and Methods 110
3.2.1 Procurement of Raw Materials 110
3.2.2 Fabrication of Composites 111
3.2.3 Physical and Mechanical Characterization 113
3.2.3.1 Density and Void Content 113
3.2.3.2 Water Absorption 114
3.2.3.3 Vickers Hardness 115
3.2.3.4 Tensile Test 115
3.2.3.5 Flexure Test 117
3.2.3.6 Impact Test 117
3.2.3.7 Thermal Conductivity 117
3.2.3.8 Specific Wear Rate 117
3.2.3.9 TOPSIS Approach 118
3.3 Results and Discussion 119
3.3.1 Density and Void Content 119
3.3.2 Water Absorption 120
3.3.3 Hardness 121
3.3.4 Tensile Strength and Tensile Modulus 121
3.3.5 Flexural Strength and Flexural
About the author
Kashmiri Lal Mittal was employed by the IBM Corporation from 1972 through 1993. Currently, he is teaching and consulting worldwide in the broad areas of adhesion as well as surface cleaning. He has received numerous awards and honors including the title of doctor
honoris causa from Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland. He is the editor of more than 160 books dealing with adhesion measurement, adhesion of polymeric coatings, polymer surfaces, adhesive joints, adhesion promoters, thin films, polyimides, surface modification surface cleaning, and surfactants.
S. K. Panigrahi, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT), Pune, India. He has worked as an international visiting academic with the University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy. With over 27 years of extensive teaching, research, training, and administrative experience, Dr. Panigrahi is currently focused on advanced finite element methods, nonlinear finite element analyses, and modeling engineering structures with functionally graded/monolithic adhesively-bonded joints. His publications include over 190 research articles and peer-reviewed scholarly papers, four books, a monograph, and many conference proceedings, including a series of lecture materials.
