Nutritional Management of Renal Disease

This translational text offers in-depth reviews of the metabolic and nutritional disorders that are prevalent in patients with renal disease. Chapter topics address the growing epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Each chapter integrates basic and clinical approaches, from cell biology and genetics to diagnosis, patient management and treatment. Chapters in sections 4-7 include new illustrative case reports, and all chapters emphasize key concepts with chapter-ending summaries. New features also include the latest National Kidney Foundation Clinical Practice Guidelines on Nutrition in Chronic Renal Failure, the most recent scientific discoveries and the latest techniques for assessing nutritional status in renal disease, and literature reviews on patients who receive continuous veno-venous hemofiltration with or without dialysis.

List of contents

Chapter 1. The Influence of Kidney Disease on Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism
Introduction
CKD Interrupts the Components of Protein Metabolism
Defining Muscle Wasting
Mechanisms of Muscle Wasting
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System
Synergism of Proteolytic Pathways Causes Muscle Wasting in CKD
Proteolytic Activities Present in Muscles of Patients
Factors Triggering Muscle Wasting in CKD and Other Catabolic States
Myostatin and the Regulation of Muscle Protein Wasting
Myostatin in Muscle Increases in Catabolic Conditions
Beneficial Responses from Blocking Myostatin in Models of Muscle Catabolism
Blocking Myostatin can Suppress CKD-Induced Muscle Wasting
CKD Changes the Concentrations of Certain Amino Acids
Links Between Amino Acid and Protein Metabolism
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Carbohydrate Metabolism in Kidney Disease and Kidney Failure
Introduction
Insulin Resistance
Insulin Secretion
Insulin Clearance
Hypoglycemia
Carbohydrate Metabolism in Patients with Renal Replacement Therapy
Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in Diabetics with CKD
Drug Management in Diabetics with CKD (Figure 2.1)
References
Chapter 3. Altered Lipid Metabolism and Serum Lipids in Kidney Disease and Kidney Failure
Introduction
Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Profile in CKD/ESRD Patients
The Nature and Mechanisms of CKD-Induced Lipid Abnormalities
The Nature and Mechanisms of Adverse Effects of Lipid Disorders in CKD
Treatment of CKD-Associated Dyslipidemia
Potential Adverse Effects of Statins
References
Chapter 4. Uremic Toxicity
Introduction
Uremic Symptoms and Signs
Toxic Effects of Uremic Plasma or Serum
Definition of a Uremic Toxin
Impact of Dialysis Treatment on Uremic Toxicity
Toxicity of Inorganic Substances in Uremia
Free Water-Soluble Low-Molecular-Weight Solutes
Protein-Bound Solutes
Middle Molecules
General Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 5. Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
General Considerations
Multifactorial Causes of Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Inflammation as a Cause of Protein-Energy Wasting
Inflammation as a Catalyst of Other Risk Factors
Other Consequences of Inflammation
Monitoring Inflammation
Treatment of Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
References
Chapter 6. Catalytic (Labile) Iron in Kidney Disease
Introduction
Definition of Catalytic (Labile) Iron and its Importance in Tissue Injury
Role of Catalytic Iron in Acute Kidney Injury
Gentamicin-Induced Mobilization of Iron From Renal Cortical Mitochondria
Evidence Suggesting a Role for Iron in Gentamicin-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats
Catalytic Iron in Chronic Kidney Disease (Table 6.3)
Catalytic Iron in Diabetic Nephropathy
Catalytic Iron in Chronic Kidney Disease
Concluding Comments
References
Chapter 7. Carbonyl Stress in Uremia
Introduction
Increased Age and other Protein Modifications
Carbonyl Stress
Clinical Consequences of Carbonyl Stress
Nutrition and Carbonyl Stress
References
Chapter 8. Effect of Acidemia and Alkalemia on Nutrition and Metabolism
Introduction
Acute Responses to Acidosis and Alkalosis
Comparing Effects of Acidemia to those of Starvation
Endocrine Responses to Acidemia
Calcium Metabolism
Protein Malnutrition
Metabolic Acidemia Stimulates the Ubiquitin/Proteasome Proteolytic Pathway
Clinical Implications of Acidemia for Protein Nutrition
References
Chapter 9. Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Kidney Disease and Ki

About the author

Joel D. Kopple, MD, editor of the book’s first three editions, is Professor Emeritus of Medicine and Public Health at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, and is a member of the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California. Dr. Kopple was Chief of the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center from 1982 to 2007. He has published over 600 scientific papers and book chapters and has edited or coedited 15 seminars and proceedings. Dr. Kopple is a former president of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, the International Society for Renal Nutrition and Metabolism, and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations and was a founder of World Kidney Day.Shaul G. Massry, MD, editor of the book’s first three editions, is Professor Emeritus of Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics at the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. He served as Chief of its Division of Nephrology from 1974 to 2000. He has published over 600 scientific papers and over 80 book chapters, and he is editor or coeditor of 28 books. Dr. Massry has received honorary doctorates from 14 universities across Europe, including the oldest and prestigious Charles University (Prague, Czech Republic), The University of Bologna (Italy), and the University of Padua (Italy). Dr. Massry is a former president of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF).Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, MD, PhD, MPH, editor of the book’s third edition and an Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Renal Nutrition, is Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics, Public Health and Nursing Sciences, and Chief of Nephrology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA; Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA; and a staff physician in Veterans Affairs Hospital, Long Beach, CA. Dr. Kalantar is a former president of the International Society for Renal Nutrition and Metabolism and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations, co-chair of the joint steering committee of World Kidney Day, and Chair of the Medical Advisory Committee of the National Forum of the ESRD Networks. He has served as PI of a dozen National Institutes of Health grants and has coauthored over 800 manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals.

Report

"This is a useful tool for nephrologists, especially in the clinical setting. The easy readability and suggested applications will also attract medical students, internists, renal dietitians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.Nutrition with its emerging importance at the cellular level is sometimes overlooked in training medical students. This book provides ready access to both the science and clinical application needed to treat the CKD population." Rating: 3 Stars--Doody.com, February 28, 2014
"The Third Edition of this classic translational text offers in-depth reviews of the metabolic and nutritional disorders prevalent in patients with renal disease."--Doody.com, April 24, 2013
"This edition reflects changes in the field, such as the increased evidence on the importance of inflammatory, oxidative, and carbonyl stress, and the greater prevalence and severity of obesity and its clinical consequences; therapeutic strategies for obesity treatment in regard to chronic kidney disease prevention and treatment; the nutritional management of people receiving chronic renal replacement therapy; and methods for slowing the progression of chronic renal disease..."--Reference and Research Book News, February 2013

Product details

• Assisted by: Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh (Editor), Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar (Editor), Joel D Kopple (Editor), Joel D. Kopple (Editor), Kopple Joel D. (Editor), Shaul G Massry (Editor), Shaul G Massry (Editor)
• Publisher: Academic Press
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 06.02.2013
• EAN: 9780123919342
• ISBN: 978-0-12-391934-2
• Dimensions: 217 mm x 283 mm x 44 mm
• Weight: 2446 g
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Medicine > Non-clinical medicine; MEDICAL / Nephrology, Renal medicine & nephrology, Renal medicine and nephrology