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Marxism is a defense of philosophy, of rational thought that is neither self-limiting nor yields to positivist self-enclosure. All science is founded on rational propositions that cannot be decided empirically. Without theoretical imagination, without rational speculation, there is no scientific knowledge. Theory is a general reflective elaboration of human actions or practices, also of scientific practices. The philosophical craft allows us to pose new problems, to deal with themes that have emerged from the sciences but which the latter are not yet in a position to examine with their instruments, to approach the critical-rational generalization of the results of particular disciplines, to develop heuristic criteria and is the source of interesting rational hypotheses, which are the dynamizing factor of the unfolding of knowledge, subject then to possible factual control. The task of philosophy, as onto-epistemology, is to contribute to create intellectual conditions for the development of the sciences; to formulate the general sense of research, at its different levels.
About the author
Roberto Ayala, sociologue avec des études de philosophie, auteur de "Marxisme et mondialisation capitaliste" et de divers articles. Professeur à l'université du Costa Rica.
