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Chronic kidney disease encompasses all types of diminished kidney functions, from mild risk to severe kidney failure. It comprises a steady loss in the functional capabilities of the kidneys, which can result in the buildup of wastes, electrolytes and fluids in the body to a dangerous level. Symptoms of decreased function of kidneys include vomiting, nausea, decreased appetite, muscle cramps, high blood pressure, short breath, and chest pain where there is fluid build-up near the lining of the heart. Diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is dependent on physical examination and medical history, and includes ultrasound along with additional imaging to identify blood flow and function of the two kidneys. Damage to kidneys from chronic kidney disease is generally permanent. To treat the conditions and symptoms of kidneys, medications can be taken and patient should adapt lifestyle changes, such as physical activity, proper diet, and avoid substance abuse on the basis of severity. This book contains some path-breaking studies on chronic kidney disease. Its extensive content provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the diagnosis, complications and treatment of this disease.
