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Urological cancer refers to a type of cancer which affects the structures and organs of female and male urinary systems, as well as the male reproductive system. It is classified into five types, including testicular cancer, bladder cancer, urethral cancer, kidney cancer and penile cancer. Blood in the urine is a sign of penile, bladder and kidney cancer. It can also lead to pelvic and back pain in the later stages. Those suffering from penile or testicular cancer may develop a visible lesion on the skin, as well as swelling or other skin abnormalities. The consumption of tobacco is a major risk factor for all types of urological cancer. The diagnosis is done through lab tests, biopsies, ureteroscopy or cystoscopy, and imaging techniques such as ultrasound, MRI, X-ray, angiogram or CT scan. The treatments of this disease rely on the stage and grade of tumor as well as on the choices of patients, and include radiation therapy, surgery and chemotherapy. This book unravels the recent studies on urological cancer. It strives to provide a fair idea about the latest advances in the clinical management of this disease. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.
