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This book analyzes Russian and Chinese revisionism in the face of US and Western post-Cold War liberal international order building and asks why both powers have turned revisionist in the late 2000s. The study develops a neoclassical realist model of international order building and contestation and posits to view revisionism as a strategic choice. States go revisionist if the status quo international order threatens their vital security needs (broadly defined not only as territorial security, but also political, economic, normative and ontological) and if they have the means to challenge the undesirable status quo. Russia and China were both unhappy with the post-Cold War international order of American designs, but had to opt for accommodation in the 1990s and early 2000s ("strategic accommodation" in the Chinese case, "resentful accommodation" in the Russian case), before revisionism became even more of a necessity and a real policy option from the late 2000s onward ("constructive revisionism" in the Chinese case, "destructive revisionism" in the Russian case). The author calls for a policy of neo-containment to counter Moscow's and Beijing's efforts to game and erode the international order.
List of contents
Part I: Introduction.- Chapter 1: Enduring Rivals: The Return of Great Power Politics between Russia, China and the West.- Part II: Theory of International Order Building and Revisionism.- Chapter 2: Falling Short: International Order and Revisionism in IR Theory.- Chapter 3: Strategic Choices: Neoclassical Realist Model of Order and Revisionism.- Part III: Western Triumph & Non-western Accommodation in the 1990s.- Chapter 4: False History: Globalization of the US-led Liberal West and its Delusions.- Chapter 5: Russia's Fall: Resentful Accommodation to Grim Post-Cold War Realities.- Chapter 6: China's Rise: Strategic Accommodation to Post-Cold War Opportunities.- Part IV: Western Crisis & Anti-western Revisionism From the Late 2000s.- Chapter 7: Return of History: Outgrowth amidst Erosion of the US-led Liberal Order.- Chapter 8: Russia's Nightmare: Destructive Revisionism for Great Power Survival.- Chapter 9: China's Dream: Constructive Revisionism for "Great Rejuvenation".- Part V: Conclusion.- Chapter 10: Geopolitical Realities: The Case for Neo-Containment against Russia and China.
About the author
Gerlinde Groitl is Associate Professor of International Politics and Transatlantic Relations at the University of Regensburg, Germany.
Report
"Based on her neo-classical realist model, Groitl convincingly argues that it is not the survival of states per se that dominates their international strategies, but the survival of their political systems. It would be fascinating to apply this framework to the US and European states ... . most of the empirical terrain covered in the book is well known to observers of global politics, the lens on regime security provides a compelling perspective that also holds relevant lessons for policy-makers." (Hubert Zimmermann, International Affairs, Vol. 100 (3), 2024)
