Read more
The United States of English tells the story of how American English grew and changed from colonial times to the present, exploring how the American language is different from British English and how it got that way. From the English of the colonists to slang, regional dialects, African American English, the internet, and "political correctness," Rosemarie Ostler shows how the language has evolved and is still evolving today. Written for non-specialists, it is filled with colorful examples of past and present English that bring the language to life.
List of contents
- Introduction
- Chapter 1: The Beginnings of American English
- Chapter 2: Early Regional Dialects
- Chapter 3: Building the Vocabulary
- Chapter 4: American Grammar and Usage
- Chapter 5: The Spread of Regional Speech
- Chapter 6: Ethnic Dialects
- Chapter 7: Language Innovation outside the Mainstream
- Chapter 8: The Social Life of American English
- Chapter 9: American English Today
- Afterword: American English Tomorrow
- Appendix: American Vowels
- Endnotes
- Select Bibliography
About the author
Rosemarie Ostler is a freelance writer with a PhD in Linguistics from the University of Washington. She is the author of five books about the history of American English and numerous articles on language-related topics. Her work has appeared in American History, The Saturday Evening Post, Christian Science Monitor, Time.com, Atlas Obscura, and The Writer, among others.
Summary
The story of how English became American -- and how it became Southern, Bostonian, Californian, African-American, Chicano, elite, working-class, urban, rural, and everything in between
By the time of the Revolution, the English that Americans spoke was recognizably different from the British variety. Americans added dozens of new words to the language, either borrowed from Native Americans (raccoon, persimmon, caucus) or created from repurposed English (backwoods, cane brake, salt lick). Americans had their own pronunciations (bath rhymed with hat, not hot) and their own spelling (honor, not honour), not to mention a host of new expressions that grew out of the American landscape and culture (blaze a trail, back track, pull up stakes). Americans even invented their own slang, like stiff as a ringbolt to mean drunk. American English has continued to grow and change ever since.
The United States of English tells the engrossing tale of how the American language evolved over four hundred years, explaining both how and why it changed and which parts of the "mother tongue" it preserved (I guess was heard in the British countryside long before it became a typical Americanism). Rosemarie Ostler approaches American English as part of the larger story of American history and culture, starting with what we know about the first colonists and their speech. Drawing on the latest research, she explores the roots of regional dialects, the differences between British and American language use, the sources of American slang, the development of African American English, current trends in political language, and much more. Plentiful examples of the American vernacular, past and present, bring the language to life and make for an engaging as well as enlightening read.
Additional text
Ostler's book synthesizes and updates previous scholarly works on this subject with endnotes and an extensive bibliography. Though linguists will enjoy the work, Ostler writes for the nonspecialist reader, so no prior knowledge of linguistics is required.
