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6G Frontiers
Enables readers to understand the exciting new technologies, architectural directions, technical aspects, and applications of 6G, plus legal and standardization approaches
6G Frontiers offers intelligent insight into the ongoing research trends, use cases, and key developmental technologies powering the upcoming 6G framework. The authors cover a myriad of important topics that intersect with 6G, such as hyper-intelligent networking, security, privacy, and trust, harmonized mobile networks, legal views, and standards initiatives. The work also explores the more extreme and controversial predictions surrounding 6G, such as hyper-connected smart cities, space tourism, and deep-sea tourism. Sample thought-provoking topics covered in the comprehensive work include:
* Evolution of mobile networks, from 0G to 6G, including the driving trends, requirements, and key enabling technologies of each generation
* Logistics of 6G networks, which are expected to offer peak data rates over 1 Tbps, imperceptible end-to-end delays (beneath 0.1 ms), and network availability and reliability rates beyond 99.99999%
* New technology requirements for 6G, such as Further enhanced Mobile Broadband (FeMBB), ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (umMTC), Mobile BroadBand and Low-Latency (MBBLL), and massive Low-Latency Machine Type communication (mLLMT)
* Potential architectural directions of 6G, including zero-touch network and service management, intent-based networking, edge AI, intelligent network softwarization, and radio access networks
A complete and modern resource for understanding the potential development, logistics, and implications of 6G networks, 6G Frontiers is a must-read reference for researchers, academics, and technology architects who wish to understand the cutting-edge progress that is being made towards better and faster wireless mobile technology.
List of contents
About the Authors xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xxi
Acronyms xxiii
Part I Introduction 1
1 Evolution of Mobile Networks 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 6G Mobile Communication Networks 5
1.2.1 6G as Envisioned Today 5
1.2.2 6G Development Timeline 6
2 Key Driving Trends Toward 6G 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Expansion of IoT toward IoE 11
2.3 Massive Availability of Small Data 12
2.4 Availability of Self-Sustaining Networks 13
2.5 Convergence of Communications, Computing, Control, Localization, and Sensing (3CLS) 14
2.6 Zero Energy IoT 15
2.7 Advancement of Communication Technologies 16
2.8 Gadget-Free Communication 17
2.9 Increasing Elderly Population 18
3 6G Requirements 21
3.1 6G Requirements/Vision 21
3.2 Further-Enhanced Mobile Broadband (FeMBB) 23
3.2.1 Enabling 6G Applications 23
3.2.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 23
3.3 Ultramassive, Machine-Type Communication 24
3.3.1 Enabling 6G Applications 24
3.3.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 24
3.4 Extremely Reliable Low Latency Communication 25
3.4.1 Enabling 6G Applications 25
3.4.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 26
3.5 Extremely Low Power Communication 26
3.5.1 Enabling 6G Applications 27
3.5.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 27
3.6 Long Distance and High Mobility Communication 27
3.6.1 Enabling 6G Applications 27
3.6.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 27
3.7 High Spectrum Efficiency 28
3.7.1 Enabling 6G Applications 28
3.7.2 Key Enabling 6G Technologies 29
3.8 High Area Traffic Capacity 29
3.8.1 Enabling 6G Applications 29
3.8.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 29
3.9 Mobile Broadband and Low Latency (MBBLL) 29
3.9.1 Enabling 6G Applications 30
3.9.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 30
3.10 Massive Broadband Machine-Type Communications 30
3.10.1 Enabling 6G Applications 31
3.10.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 31
3.11 Massive Low Latency Machine-type Communications (mLLMT) 31
3.11.1 Enabling 6G Applications 32
3.11.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 32
3.12 AI-Assistive Extreme Communications 32
3.12.1 Enabling 6G Applications 32
3.12.2 Enabling 6G Technologies 33
4 Key 6G Technologies 35
4.1 Radio Network Technologies 35
4.1.1 Beyond Sub-6 GHz toward THz Communication 35
4.1.2 Nonterrestrial Networks Toward 3D Networking 37
4.2 AI/ML/FL 39
4.3 DLT/Blockchain 42
4.4 Edge Computing 44
4.5 Quantum Communication 47
4.6 Other New Technologies 49
4.6.1 Visible Light Communications 49
4.6.2 Large Intelligent Surfaces 50
4.6.3 Compressive Sensing 50
4.6.4 Zero-touch Network and Service Management 51
4.6.5 Efficient Energy Transfer and Harvesting 52
Part II Architectural Directions 55
5 6G Architectural Visions 57
5.1 Evolution of Network Architecture 57
5.2 Intelligent Network of Subnetworks 58
5.3 A Greener Intelligent Network 60
5.4 Cybertwin-based Network Architecture 61
6 Zero-Touch Network and Service Management 63
6.1 Introduction 63
6.2 Need of Zero-Touch Network and Service Management 64
6.3 Overview of Zero Touch Network and Service Management 65
6.3.1 ZSM Architecture Principles 65
6.3.2 ZSM Architecture Requirements 66
About the author
Chamitha de Alwis received his Ph.D. degree in Electronic Engineering from the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK, in 2014. He also works as a Consultant in the areas of telecommunication, 4G, 5G, IoT, and network security and is a senior member of the IEEE.
Quoc-Viet Pham received his MS. and Ph.D. degrees in telecommunications engineering from Inje University, South Korea, in 2015 and 2017, respectively. He is a member of the IEEE and is currently Guest Editor of the IEEE Internet of Things Journal.
Madhusanka Liyanage received his M.Eng. degree from the Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand, in 2011, his M.Sc. degree from the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France, in 2011, and his Doctor of Technology degree in communication engineering from the University of Oulu, Finland, in 2016. He is a senior member of the IEEE.
