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In
Defensive Nationalism, B. S. Rabinowitz looks at the rise of nativism and populism today by using the works of two great theoreticians: Karl Polanyi and Joseph Schumpeter. She combines Polanyi's concept of the 'double movement' away from markets and toward social protection with Schumpeter's theory of innovation. Rabinowitz argues turn-of-the-century transportation and communications revolutions in both eras produced toxic political upheavals and reframes nationalism as a three-part process: creative, consolidating, and defensive. Skillfully combining theory and history, the author produces a stunningly comprehensive account of why populism and fascism are on the rise in the early 21st century.
List of contents
- Introduction: The Paradox of Modernity
- Part I: Theory
- Chapter One: The Concepts: Populism, Nationalism, Fascism and Nativism
- Chapter Two: The Synthesis: A New Typology of Nationalism
- Chapter Three: Karl Polanyi: Theory and Ambiguity
- Chapter Four: Joseph Schumpeter: Technology and the "Double Movement"
- Part II: The Rise of the Modern Liberal Order
- Chapter Five: The Belle Epoque: Railroads and Telegraphy
- Chapter Six: The Digital Age: Turbo jets and Computers
- Part III: The Dark Side of Globalization
- Chapter Seven: Economic Reorganization and Economic Crises
- Chapter Eight: Mass Media and Fake News
- Chapter Nine: Mass Immigration and Global Terrorism
- Part IV: Anti-Globalization
- Chapter Ten: From Globalization to the Nation
- Chapter Eleven: The Turn Inward: Nativism and Fascism
- Part V: Post-War Peace
- Chapter Twelve: The Concert of Europe
- Chapter Thirteen: The Bretton Woods Era
- Conclusion: Using History as a Guide
- Notes
- Index
About the author
B. S. Rabinowitz is Associate Professor of Comparative Politics at Rutgers University. Rabinowitz's research addresses large theoretical questions about politics and social organization, from the effects of nationalism and the causes of ethnic conflict to the conditions needed for post-colonial state development. The author's work uniquely synthesizes theory and comparative history to examine how institutions shape leadership decisions and political outcomes, as well as how large structural change explains global social upheavals. Rabinowitz received a Political Science doctorate from University of California, Berkeley, and a Social Science Master's from the University of Chicago.
Summary
A stunningly novel account of why populism and fascism are on the rise in the early 21st century.
Today we find in the most technologically advanced societies, wild conspiracy theories and a broad distrust of science and expertise have created deep political divisions that are splitting nations in two. Defensive Nationalism explains this paradox, using history as a guide. B. S. Rabinowitz finds that the turn-of-the 19th century was also a period of exceptional technological innovation that ended with toxic political upheavals. To investigate why, the author combines Karl Polanyi's concept of the "double movement" with Joseph Schumpeter's theory of innovation. Weaving together a fascinating narrative that spans two centuries, the book traces how the rapid transformation of transportation and communications during the Industrial Revolution and the Digital Revolution created economic interdependence and capital flows that induced radical economic, social, and political disruptions. In response, separate national-populist movements, stemming from particular national histories and struggles, arose concurrently to produce an era of "defensive nationalism." Distinguishing between creative, consolidating, and defensive nationalism, Rabinowitz offers a persuasively fresh way to study socio-political patterns across time and space.
Additional text
This book is important for scholars of nationalism.
