Two From One - A Short Introduction to Cell Division Mechanisms

Informationen zum Autor Michael Polymenis is a Professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics at Texas A&M University. His research focuses on the coordination of cell growth with cell division, with funding from the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation. He has published numerous articles on the subject and regularly serves on various federal research proposal review panels. His editorial service includes ad hoc reviews of primary research articles on mechanisms of cell division. Klappentext TWO FROM ONECondensed and easy step-in resource to the vast universe of cell cycle control and cell divisionTwo from One: A Short Introduction to Cell Division Mechanisms is an easy and solid step-in for students and all individuals starting to learn about cell and molecular biology, as well as professionals looking for an avenue into the subject, emphasizing general concepts and universal aspects of eukaryotic cell division without getting lost in the vast amount of detail across the overall field. The text enables readers to learn about general concepts and discoveries from various systems and approaches to elucidate the process of cell division, with descriptions of scientific processes included throughout in order to aid in reader comprehension.The content and material have been taught, revised, and simplified based on student feedback, to be as accessible as possible to a broader audience. It can be read in a few hours by anyone with an interest in the topic and an undergraduate background.In Two from One, readers can expect to find coverage on a myriad of essential topics, such as:* Cell theory, mitosis, chromosome theory of heredity, DNA, and why/how cell cycles come in many flavors* Cell growth and division, covering balanced growth and cell proliferation, measures of cell growth, and the relationship between cell growth and division* Assaying cell cycle progression, covering measuring cell cycle phases, single-cell imaging, labeled mitoses, and frequency distributions* Duplicating the genome, covering DNA replication, origin firing, chromatin, checkpoints, and the DNA damage checkpointUndergraduates, graduate students, and early career professionals in cell biology, biomedicine, and biology, along with post docs changing subject area or needing further information on cell division, will find Two from One to be an immensely useful, accessible, and reader-friendly resource in a traditionally highly complex field. Zusammenfassung TWO FROM ONECondensed and easy step-in resource to the vast universe of cell cycle control and cell divisionTwo from One: A Short Introduction to Cell Division Mechanisms is an easy and solid step-in for students and all individuals starting to learn about cell and molecular biology, as well as professionals looking for an avenue into the subject, emphasizing general concepts and universal aspects of eukaryotic cell division without getting lost in the vast amount of detail across the overall field. The text enables readers to learn about general concepts and discoveries from various systems and approaches to elucidate the process of cell division, with descriptions of scientific processes included throughout in order to aid in reader comprehension.The content and material have been taught, revised, and simplified based on student feedback, to be as accessible as possible to a broader audience. It can be read in a few hours by anyone with an interest in the topic and an undergraduate background.In Two from One, readers can expect to find coverage on a myriad of essential topics, such as:* Cell theory, mitosis, chromosome theory of heredity, DNA, and why/how cell cycles come in many flavors* Cell growth and division, covering balanced growth and cell proliferation, measures of cell growth, and the relationship between cell growth and division* Assaying cell cycle progression, covering measuring cell cycle phases, single-c...

List of contents

PREFACE 5
 
INTRODUCTION 6
 
CHAPTER 1 - HISTORY AND CONTEXT 8
 
From cells to their nuclei 8
 
The cell theory 9
 
Mitosis 10
 
The chromosome theory of heredity 12
 
DNA 15
 
Cell cycles come in many flavors 17
 
CHAPTER 2 - CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION 21
 
Balanced growth and cell proliferation 21
 
Measures of cell growth 24
 
The relationship between cell growth and division 27
 
Patterns of growth in the cell cycle 29
 
Amoeba cell growth 30
 
Fission yeast growth 30
 
Budding yeast growth 31
 
Mammalian cell growth 33
 
Sizers, Adders, Timers 33
 
CHAPTER 3 - ASSAYING CELL CYCLE PROGRESSION 40
 
Measuring cell cycle phases 40
 
Single-cell imaging 40
 
Labelled mitoses 41
 
Frequency distributions 43
 
Growth limitations and variations in the duration of cell cycle phases 46
 
Synchronous cultures 48
 
How can one induce synchrony? 48
 
Selecting for synchrony 51
 
Elutriation: The mother of all synchrony selections 52
 
CHAPTER 4 - THE MASTER SWITCH 55
 
Genetic analyses leading the way 55
 
The cdc28 mutant of budding yeast 55
 
From the wee1 to the cdc2 mutant of fission yeast 59
 
What is true for one is true for all 61
 
Author: M. Polymenis Book title: Two from One Page - 9
 
All roads lead to the same control system 61
 
Cyclins 62
 
MPF 64
 
Making sense of it all 68
 
Cyclins galore in budding yeast 68
 
G1 cyclins 69
 
Back to wee1 70
 
CHAPTER 5 - CONTROLLING THE MASTER SWITCH 73
 
Cyclins in Cdk complexes 74
 
Cdk as a target of phosphorylations 76
 
Activating phosphorylation 76
 
Inhibitory phosphorylation 77
 
Other proteins in cyclin/Cdk complexes 77
 
Cdk inhibitors 78
 
Cip/Kip proteins 79
 
INK4 proteins 80
 
Cks1 80
 
What are its targets and how Cdk phosphorylates them 80
 
Defining the Cdk substrate universe 80
 
Cyclin the recruiter 82
 
Here comes Cks1 83
 
Ordering Cdk phosphorylation in the cell cycle 85
 
Order from intrinsic Cdk activity 85
 
Order and precision from specificity 87
 
CHAPTER 6 - A FULL CIRCLE OF THE SWITCH 90
 
Modeling a cell cycle oscillator 90
 
The M-Cdk switch 93
 
Exit from interphase into mitosis 93
 
The anaphase promoting complex (APC) 94
 
From metaphase to anaphase 94
 
Flipping the M-Cdk switch off 95
 
Unsolved problem: 'Sizing' the M-Cdk switch 98
 
The G1/S Cdk switch 98
 
G1-Cdk activates G1/S transcription 99
 
Doing away with transcriptional inhibitors 99
 
The G1 cyclin Cln3 rises and targets Whi5 100
 
Whi5 is diluted away as cells grow in size 102
 
Positive feedback at the G1/S switch 102
 
Negative feedback at the G1/S switch 103
 
Physiological relevance of G1/S switch in cancer 104
 
Transcriptional waves until the end of the cell cycle 105
 
Comments on overall gene expression in the cell cycle 107
 
CHAPTER 7 - DUPLICATING THE GENOME 109
 
DNA replication 109
 
Setting the stage 110
 
Origin firing 113
 
Chromatin 115
 
Sisters stay together 116
 
Checkpoints 119
 
The general concept 119
 
DNA damage checkpoint 120
 
CHAPTER 8 - SEGREGATING THE CHROMOSOMES 124
 
Blind men's riddle 124
 
The mitotic spi

Product details

• Authors: Polymenis, M Polymenis, Michael Polymenis
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 26.01.2023
• EAN: 9781119930143
• ISBN: 978-1-119-93014-3
• No. of pages: 240
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > Miscellaneous; Chemie, Biochemie, Medizin, Zellteilung, Life Sciences, ZELLBIOLOGIE, Biowissenschaften, chemistry, Medical Biochemistry, Medical Science, Biochemie u. Chemische Biologie, Biochemistry (Chemical Biology), Medizinische Biochemie, Medizinische Zellbiologie, Medical Cell Biology