Reforming to Survive - The Bolshevik Origins of Social Policies

This Element details how elites provide policy concessions when they face credible threats of revolution. Specifically, the authors discuss how the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent formation of Comintern enhanced elites' perceptions of revolutionary threat by affecting the capacity and motivation of labor movements as well as the elites' interpretation of information signals. These developments incentivized elites to provide policy concessions to urban workers, notably reduced working hours and expanded social transfer programs. The authors assess their argument by using original qualitative and quantitative data. First, they document changes in perceptions of revolutionary threat and strategic policy concessions in early inter-war Norway by using archival and other sources. Second, they code, for example, representatives at the 1919 Comintern meeting to proxy for credibility of domestic revolutionary threat in cross-national analysis. States facing greater threats expanded various social policies to a larger extent than other countries, and some of these differences persisted for decades.

List of contents

1. Introduction; 2. Literature review; 3. A theory of elite's policy responses to revolutionary threats; 4. Case study: revolutionary fear and elite responses in Norway, 1915¿1924; 5. Measuring social policies and revolutionary threat across countries (2000 words); 6. Statistical analysis; 7. Mechanism of persistence: comintern, the formation of communist parties and the long-term effects of the Bolshevik revolution; 8. Conclusion; References.

Summary

This Element details how elites provide policy concessions when they face credible threats of revolution. It assesses the argument by using original qualitative and quantitative data.

Product details

• Authors: Carl Henrik Knutsen, Knutsen Carl Henrik, Magnus B. Rasmussen, Magnus B. (Universitetet I Oslo) Knutse Rasmussen
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press ELT
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 31.01.2023
• EAN: 9781108995474
• ISBN: 978-1-108-99547-4
• No. of pages: 75
• Series: Elements in Political Economy
• Subjects: Humanities, art, music > History > Modern era up to 1918; Social sciences, law, business > Political science > Political science and political education; Russia, POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Economy, Norway, 20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000, Revolutions, uprisings, rebellions, Political Economy, c 1910 to c 1919, c 1914 to c 1918 (including WW1), HISTORY / Russia / Imperial, HISTORY / Revolutions, Uprisings & Rebellions