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From cave-ins and lung diseases to toxic sludge and water contamination, mining operations create a host of social and environmental problems, now including climate change.
Breaking Ground tells the story of mining conflicts in Latin America, where ore extraction has become a big business. Based on a decade of research in gold mining towns, corporate headquarters, and legislative chambers, Rose J. Spalding develops a new interpretation of how mining operations secure government approval while also unpacking the circumstances under which anti-mining mobilizations come out on top. This innovative study of the mining sector's rise and fall answers persistent questions about the political logistics shaping the future of resource extraction.
List of contents
- Dedication
- Acknowledgements
- Acronym List
- 1. Mining Conflict and Policy Alternatives
- 2. From Community Conflicts to Policy Outcomes: Movements, Elites, and State Permeability
- 3. Mining Friendly: Promoting Extractivism in Nicaragua
- 4. Mining, Maybe: Intermittent Mining in Guatemala
- 5. Mining Skeptics: Environmental Resistance in Costa Rica
- 6. Mining Free: Mining Prohibition in El Salvador
- 7. Mining Reform in Latin America: International Regimes and the Challenges of Regulation
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
About the author
Rose J. Spalding is Professor of Political Science at DePaul University, where she specializes in the study of Latin American social movements and political economy. She is the author of Contesting Trade in Central America: Market Reform and Resistance; Capitalists and Revolution in Nicaragua: Opposition and Accommodation, 1979-1993; and The Political Economy of Revolutionary Nicaragua. Spalding's research has been supported by grants from the Social Science Research Council, American Council of Learned Societies, Fulbright, and the Kellogg Institute at Notre Dame University, among others. She is a founding contributor to the Research Group MEGA (Mobilization, Extractivism, and Government Action) at Tulane University.
Summary
Natural resource extraction, once promoted by international lenders and governing elites as a promising development strategy, is beginning to hit a wall. After decades of landscape gutting and community resistance, mine developers and their allies are facing new challenges. The outcomes of the anti-mining pushback have varied, as increasing payments, episodic repression, and international pressures have deflected some opposition. But operational space has been narrowing in the extractive sector, as evidenced by the growing adoption of mining bans, moratoria, suspensions, and standoffs. This book tells the story of how that happened.
In Breaking Ground, Rose J. Spalding examines mining conflict in new extraction zones and reactivated territories--places where "mining as destiny" is a contested idea. Spalding's innovative approach to the mining story traces the construction of mine-friendly rules in up-and-coming mining zones, as late-comers gear up to compete with mining giants. Spalding also excavates the tale of mining containment in countries that have turned away from the extraction model.
By challenging deterministic assumptions about the "commodities consensus" in Latin America, Breaking Ground expands the analysis of resource governance to include divergent trajectories, tracing movement not just toward but also away from extractivism. Spalding explores how people living in targeted communities frame their concerns about the impacts of mining and organize to protect local voice and the environment. Then she unpacks the emerging array of policy responses, including those that encompass national level mining rejection. Breaking Ground takes up a timeless set of questions about the interconnection between politics and the environment, now re-examined with a fresh set of eyes.
Additional text
Breaking Ground should be widely read. It offers a giant leap forward both in general explanations for when and how social movements impact policy and institutional change, and in the highly conflictive area of mining-based extractive development in particular; an issue even more topical given the need for minerals in new climate change-related technologies. Spalding constructs an elegant, interdisciplinary three factor explanation for variation across cases that draws from political economy, social movement theory, and comparative politics. The comprehensiveness, depth, and clarity of the analytical dimensions of the subject are impressive and refreshing. This book will endure as a towering testament to the explanatory power of intensive, in-depth, committed, long-term field research. An extraordinary achievement.
