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Für die vierte Auflage wurde das Werk vollständig aktualisiert und überarbeitet. Diese Auflage enthält neue Themen wie Oberflächenspektroskopie, Nichtgleichgewichtseffekte und innovative Beschichtungsmethoden, setzt gleichzeitig jedoch auf das bewährte Konzept, Oberflächenphänomene detailliert und leicht verständlich zu beschreiben.
List of contents
1. Introduction
2. Liquid Surfaces
2.1 Microscopic Picture of a Liquid Surface
2.2 Surface Tension
2.3 Equation of Young and Laplace
2.3.1 Curved Liquid Surfaces
2.3.2 Derivation of Young-Laplace Equation
2.3.3 Applying the Young-Laplace Equation
2.4 Techniques to Measure Surface Tension
2.5 Kelvin Equation
2.6 Capillary Condensation
2.7 Nucleation Theory
2.8 Summary
2.9 Exercises
3. Thermodynamics of Interfaces
3.1 Thermodynamic Functions for Bulk Systems
3.2 Surface Excess
3.3 Thermodynamic Relations for Systems with an Interface
3.3.1 Internal Energy and Helmholtz Energy
3.3.2 Equilibrium Conditions
3.3.3 Location of Interface
3.3.4 Gibbs Energy and Enthalpy
3.3.5 Interfacial Excess Energies
3.4 Pure Liquids
3.5 Gibbs Adsorption Isotherm
3.5.1 Derivation
3.5.2 System of Two Components
3.5.3 Experimental Aspects
3.5.4 Marangoni Effect
3.6 Summary
3.7 Exercises
4. Charged Interfaces and the Electric Double Layer
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Poisson-Boltzmann Theory of Diffuse Double Layer
4.2.1 Poisson-Boltzmann Equation
4.2.2 Planar Surfaces
4.2.3 The Full One-Dimensional Case
4.2.4 The Electric Double Layer around a Sphere
4.2.5 Grahame Equation
4.2.6 Capacitance of Diffuse Electric Double Layer
4.3 Beyond Poisson-Boltzmann Theory
4.3.1 Limitations of Poisson-Boltzmann Theory
4.3.2 Stern Layer
4.4 Gibbs Energy of Electric Double Layer
4.5 Electrocapillarity
4.5.1 Theory
4.5.2 Measurement of Electrocapillarity
4.6 Examples of Charged Surfaces
4.7 Measuring Surface Charge Densities
4.7.1 Potentiometric Colloid Titration
4.7.2 Capacitances
4.8 Electrokinetic Phenomena: the Zeta Potential
4.8.1 Navier-Stokes Equation
4.8.2 Electro-Osmosis and Streaming Potential
4.8.3 Electrophoresis and Sedimentation Potential
4.9 Types of Potential
4.10 Summary
4.11 Exercises
5. Surface Forces
5.1 Van der Waals Forces between Molecules
5.2 Van der Waals Force between Macroscopic Solids
5.2.1 Microscopic Approach
5.2.2 Macroscopic Calculation - Lifshitz Theory
5.2.3 Retarded Van der Waals Forces
5.2.4 Surface Energy and the Hamaker Constant
5.3 Concepts for the Description of Surface Forces
5.3.1 The Derjaguin Approximation
5.3.2 Disjoining Pressure
5.4 Measurement of Surface Forces
5.5 Electrostatic Double-Layer Force
5.5.1 Electrostatic Interaction between Two Identical Surfaces
5.5.2 DLVO Theory
5.6 Beyond DLVO Theory
5.6.1 Solvation Force and Confined Liquids
5.6.2 Non-DLVO Forces in Aqueous Medium
5.7 Steric and Depletion Interaction
5.7.1 Properties of Polymers
5.7.2 Force between Polymer-Coated Surfaces
5.7.3 Depletion Forces
5.8 Spherical Particles in Contact
5.9 Summary
5.10 Exercises
6. Contact Angle Phenomena and Wetting
6.1 Young's Equation
6.1.1 Contact Angle
6.1.2 Derivation
6.1.3 Line Tension
6.1.4 Complete Wetting and Wetting Transitions
6.1.5 Theoretical Aspects of Contact Angle Phenomena
6.2 Important Wetting Geometries
6.2.1 Capillary Rise
6.2.2 Particles at Interfaces
6.2.3 Network of Fibers
6.3 Measurement of Contact Angles
6.3.1 Experimental Methods
6.3.2 Hysteresis in Contact Angle Measurements
6.3.3 Surface Roughness and Heterogeneity
6.3.4 Superhydrophobic Surfaces
6.4 Dynamics of Wetting and Dewetting
6.4.1 Spontaneous Spreading
6.4.2 Dynamic Contact Angle
6.4.3 Coating and Dewetting
6.5 Applications
6.5.1 Flotation
6.5.2 Detergency
6.5.3 Microfluidics
6.5.4 Electrowetting
6.6 Thick Films: Spreading of One Liquid on Another
6.7 Summary
6.8 Exercises
7. Solid Surfaces
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Description of Crystalline Surfaces
7.2.1 Substrate Structure
7.2.2 Surface Relaxation and Reconstruction
7.2.3 Description of Adsorbate Struct
About the author
Hans-Jürgen Butt is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany. His research topics include surface forces and wetting. Karlheinz Graf is Professor for Physical Chemistry at the University of Applied Sciences (Hochschule Niederrhein) in Krefeld. Michael Kappl is group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany. He investigates the adhesion and friction of micro- and nanocontacts and capillary forces.
Summary
Für die vierte Auflage wurde das Werk vollständig aktualisiert und überarbeitet. Diese Auflage enthält neue Themen wie Oberflächenspektroskopie, Nichtgleichgewichtseffekte und innovative Beschichtungsmethoden, setzt gleichzeitig jedoch auf das bewährte Konzept, Oberflächenphänomene detailliert und leicht verständlich zu beschreiben.
