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The concept of concerted mechanisms was formulated nearly 90 years ago and virtually all general organic chemistry texts mention it. Until now, however, no monograph has addressed the concept explicitly. Over the last two decades, substantial advancements made in the development of precise methods for elucidating concerted mechanisms have heightened the need for a comprehensive text on the subject.
Concerted Organic and Bio-organic Mechanisms gathers the salient materials related to this emerging field into a single text. It sets forth the precise definition of concertedness-along with working sub-definitions-and describes rigorous experimental tools chemists can use to diagnose the existence or absence of concerted mechanisms.
Advances in our understanding of concerted mechanisms lead to further questions. Concerted Organic and Bio-organic Mechanisms provides the background and the tools researchers need to consider these important questions and further advance the frontiers of reactions, synthesis, and catalysis.
List of contents
DEFINITIONS, Origin of the Concept, Mechanism and its Description, The Definition of Concertedness, Bond Order and Coupling, Potential energy or Free Energy?, Classes of Concerted Reactions, TECHNIQUES, Detection of Intermediates, Exclusion of Stepwise Mechanisms, Transition State Structure, PROTON TRANSFER, Proton Transfer between Bases, Proton Transfer and Displacement Reactions at Saturated Carbon Centers, Proton Transfer and Double Bond Changes, Non-Perfect Synchronization, NUCLEOPHILIC DISPLACEMENTS AT UNSATURATED CARBON, Displacements at the Carbonyl Group, Vinyl Group Transfer, Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution, Nucleophilic Substitution at Diagonal Carbon, NUCLEOPHILIC DISPLACEMENTS AT SATURATED CARBON, Mechanisms, The Carbenium Ion, Ion-Pair Intermediates, The Concerted Mechanism, DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS AT HETEROATOMS, Electophilic Displacement at Hydrogen, Nucleophilic Displacement at Saturated Nitrogen, Nucleophilc Displacement at Silicon, Nuleophilic Displacement at Phosphorus(V), Displacement at Sulfur, CYCLIC REACTIONS, Intermediates, Clock Reactions, Energetic Relationships, Nascent Products, Isotope Effects, Theoretical Methods, ENZYME REACTIONS, Proton Transfer, Theoretical Calculations, Isotopes, Carbohydrases, Aspartyl Proteases, Hydride Transfer, Amine Oxidases, Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation, Clocks, Cyclic Reactions
About the author
Andrew Williams
Summary
Presents an encyclopedic comparison of more than 7,000 enzymes, restriction endonucleases, DNA methyltransferases and enzyme mixtures, blends, and complexes. This book lists the general and unique properties of each enzyme so readers can directly compare differences among products and offers a worldwide listing of nearly 100 enzyme suppliers.
