Designing Weldments

Designing Weldments
 
An important tool for professionals wishing to enhance their understanding or those who are new to the subject, Designing Weldments bridges that gap between structural engineers and a deeper understanding of the welding engineering within the structures.
 
In modern-day construction, welding is the primary method to join various members of any structure. Welds are required to meet various types of load in tension, compression, torsion, and perform in static or cyclic loading conditions. The weld has to be at least as strong as the parent metal to meet the demands of various stress working on the structure. It should meet the structural requirement, add value to the integrity of the structure, and prevent failures.
 
However, many design engineers lack even a fundamental insight or a basic understanding of essential welding processes and design requirements. Simply copying a few joint configurations in a drawing will not suffice. All-embracing and readable, Designing Weldments delivers a deeper understanding of many design factors that play a critical role in the design. The book clarifies welding design principles and applications. With this reference in hand, designers will have expert knowledge to consider very early on in the project, the implications of the choice of what type of weld to use for joining structural members, and how the component is made. The author explains the many welding techniques developed over the years, as well as some of which are still evolving.
 
The reader will also find in this book:
* Rules of thumb for saving time and money in the design phase of a project.
* An insider's view for choosing the proper welding approach to ensure the overall strength of a structure.
* Offers structural engineers a deeper understanding of the weld within their structures.
* Clarifies welding design principles and applications, limiting the necessity to redesign the structure.
 
Audience
 
The intended market for this book is professionals working on the infrastructural projects in shipbuilding, construction of buildings, bridges, offshore platforms, wind towers for renewable energy, and other structures that join plates, pipes, and pipelines in power plants, manufacturing, and repair.

List of contents

List of Figures xi
 
List of Tables xv
 
Foreword xvii
 
Preface xix
 
1 Properties and Strength of Material 1
 
1.1 Introduction 1
 
2 Properties of Metals 3
 
2.1 Material Properties 3
 
2.1.1 Structure Insensitive Properties 4
 
2.1.2 Structure Sensitive Properties 4
 
2.1.3 Mechanical Properties 5
 
2.1.3.1 Modulus of Elasticity 5
 
2.1.3.2 Tensile Strength 6
 
2.1.3.3 Yield Strength 7
 
2.1.3.4 Fatigue Strength 7
 
2.1.3.5 Ductility 8
 
2.1.3.6 Elastic Limit 9
 
2.1.3.7 Impact Strength 10
 
2.1.3.8 Energy Absorption in Impact Testing 10
 
2.1.3.9 Transition Temperature for Energy Absorption 11
 
2.1.3.10 Transition Temperature for Lateral Expansion 11
 
2.1.3.11 Drop-Weight Tear Test (DWTT) 11
 
2.1.3.12 Fracture Toughness 11
 
2.1.4 Low Temperature Properties 14
 
2.1.4.1 Metal Strength at Low Temperature 16
 
2.1.5 Elevated Temperature Properties 16
 
2.1.6 Physical Properties 17
 
2.1.6.1 Thermal Conductivity 17
 
2.1.6.2 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 17
 
2.1.6.3 Melting Point 17
 
2.1.7 Electrical Conductivity 18
 
2.1.8 Corrosion Properties 18
 
3 Design: Load Conditions 19
 
3.1 Design of Welds 19
 
3.2 Design by Calculations 20
 
3.2.1 Different Types of Loading 21
 
3.2.2 Tension 23
 
3.2.3 Compression 24
 
3.2.4 Bending 25
 
3.2.5 Shear 28
 
3.2.6 Torsion 29
 
3.2.7 Flat Sections 31
 
3.2.8 Round Cross Sectionals 32
 
3.2.9 Transfer of Forces 33
 
4 Design of Welds and Weldments 35
 
4.1 Introduction 35
 
4.1.1 Structural Types that Affect Weld Design 38
 
4.2 Full Penetration Welds 38
 
4.3 Partial Penetration Welds 39
 
4.4 Groove Welds 39
 
4.4.1 Definitions of Terms Applicable to Groove Welds 39
 
4.4.1.1 Effective Length 40
 
4.4.1.2 Effective Size of CJP Groove Welds 40
 
4.4.1.3 Effective Weld Size (Flare Groove) 40
 
4.4.1.4 Effective Area of Groove Welds 40
 
4.5 Weld Grooves 42
 
4.5.1 Square Groove Welds 42
 
4.5.2 Single Bevel Groove Welds 43
 
4.5.3 Double Bevel Groove Weld 43
 
4.5.4 Single-V-Groove Weld 43
 
4.5.5 Double-V-Groove Welds 44
 
4.5.6 Single or Double-J-Groove Weld 44
 
4.5.7 Single or Double-U-Groove Weld 44
 
4.6 Fillet Welds 44
 
4.6.1 Definitions Applicable to Fillet Welds 45
 
4.6.1.1 Effective Length (Straight) 45
 
4.6.1.2 Effective Length (Curved) 45
 
4.6.1.3 Minimum Length 45
 
4.6.1.4 Intermittent Fillet Welds (Minimum Length) 45
 
4.6.1.5 Maximum Effective Length 45
 
4.6.1.6 Calculation of Effective Throat 45
 
4.6.1.7 Reinforcing Fillet Welds 46
 
4.6.1.8 Maximum Weld Size in Lap Joints 46
 
4.6.1.9 Effective Area of Fillet Welds 46
 
4.7 About Fillet Weld 46
 
4.7.1 Filet Weld Defined and Explained 47
 
4.7.1.1 Single Fillet Welds 52
 
4.7.1.2 Double Fillet Welds 52
 
4.7.1.3 Combined Groove and Fillet Welds 52
 
4.8 Weld Design and Loading 54
 
4.8.1 Common Conditions to Consider When Designing Welded Connections 55
 
4.8.2 Marking the Fabrication and Construction Drawings 55
 
4.8.3 Effective Areas 57
 
4.8.4 Effective Area of Groove Welds 57
 
4.9 Sizing Fillet Welds 59
 
4.9.1 Effective Length of Straight Fillet Welds 59
 
4.9.2 The Det

About the author

Ramesh Singh, MS, IEng, MWeldI, is registered as an Incorporated Engineer with the British Engineering Council UK and a Member of The Welding Institute, UK. He worked as an engineer for various operating and EPC organizations in the Middle East, Canada, and the US. Most recently, he worked for 10 years with Gulf Interstate Engineering, Houston, TX. He is now consulting in the field of welding, corrosion engineering, pipeline integrity, and related materials and corrosion topics. Ramesh is a graduate of the Indian Air Force Technical Academy, with diplomas in Structural Fabrication Engineering and Welding Technology. He has been a member and officer of the Canadian Standard Association and NACE and serves on several technical committees. He has worked in industries spanning aeronautical, alloy steel castings, fabrication, machining, welding engineering, petrochemical, and oil and gas. He has written several technical papers and published articles in leading industry magazines, addressing the practical aspects of welding, construction, and corrosion issues relating to structures, equipment, and pipelines. He recently authored Welding Processes Handbook (Wiley-Scrivener, 2021).

Summary

Designing Weldments

An important tool for professionals wishing to enhance their understanding or those who are new to the subject, Designing Weldments bridges that gap between structural engineers and a deeper understanding of the welding engineering within the structures.

In modern-day construction, welding is the primary method to join various members of any structure. Welds are required to meet various types of load in tension, compression, torsion, and perform in static or cyclic loading conditions. The weld has to be at least as strong as the parent metal to meet the demands of various stress working on the structure. It should meet the structural requirement, add value to the integrity of the structure, and prevent failures.

However, many design engineers lack even a fundamental insight or a basic understanding of essential welding processes and design requirements. Simply copying a few joint configurations in a drawing will not suffice. All-embracing and readable, Designing Weldments delivers a deeper understanding of many design factors that play a critical role in the design. The book clarifies welding design principles and applications. With this reference in hand, designers will have expert knowledge to consider very early on in the project, the implications of the choice of what type of weld to use for joining structural members, and how the component is made. The author explains the many welding techniques developed over the years, as well as some of which are still evolving.

The reader will also find in this book:
* Rules of thumb for saving time and money in the design phase of a project.
* An insider's view for choosing the proper welding approach to ensure the overall strength of a structure.
* Offers structural engineers a deeper understanding of the weld within their structures.
* Clarifies welding design principles and applications, limiting the necessity to redesign the structure.

Audience

The intended market for this book is professionals working on the infrastructural projects in shipbuilding, construction of buildings, bridges, offshore platforms, wind towers for renewable energy, and other structures that join plates, pipes, and pipelines in power plants, manufacturing, and repair.

Product details

• Authors: Singh, Ramesh Singh, Ramesh (Indian Air Force Technical Academy) Singh
• Assisted by: Ramesh Singh (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 30.06.2022
• EAN: 9781119865155
• ISBN: 978-1-119-86515-5
• No. of pages: 240
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Mechanical engineering, production engineering; Schweissen, Materialwissenschaften, Industrial Engineering, Materials science, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Tief- u. Hochbau / Massivbau, Industrielle Verfahrenstechnik, Structural & Building Engineering, Allg. Industrielle Verfahrenstechnik, Joining, Welding and Adhesion, Metalle u. Legierungen / Verbinden, Schweißen u. Kleben, Schweissverbindung