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This book offers a behavioral science perspective on how scientific practice becomes compromised and provides recommendations for improvement. Broadening the discussion of research integrity beyond replication, publication biases, statistics, and methods, this book addresses the full complexity of the issue and serves academics and policy makers who are concerned with the reliability and validity of scientific findings across the social sciences
List of contents
- Chapter 1: Science Reform
- Annabell Suh, Jon A. Krosnick, Lee J. Jussim, Steven T. Stevens, Stephanie Anglin
- Chapter 2: Improving Research Transparency in the Social Sciences: Registration, Pre-Registration, and Multiple Testing Adjustments
- Garret Christensen, Edward Miguel
- Chapter 3: What Can We Do About Our (Untrustworthy) Literature?
- Harold Pashler, Christine R. Harris
- Chapter 4: Is Science in Crisis?
- Danielle Fanelli
- Chapter 5: Accuracy and Completeness in the Dissemination of Classic Findings in Social Psychology
- David A. Wilder, Thomas E. Cuthbert
- Chapter 6: Strengths and Weaknesses of Meta-Analyses
- Katie Corker
- Chapter 7: Statistical Inference in Behavioral Research: Traditional and Bayesian Approaches
- Alexander Etz, Steven N. Goodman, Joachim Vandekerckhove
- Chapter 8: Stimulus Sampling and Research Integrity
- Byron Reeves, James J. Cummings
- Chapter 9: Questionable Interpretive Practices: Data (Mis)Interpretation and (Mis)Representation as Threats to Scientific Validity
- Lee Jussim, Sean T. Stevens, Stephanie Anglin
- Chapter 10: Questionable Research Practices
- Ernest H. O'Boyle
- Chapter 11: p-Hacking: A Strategic Analysis
- Robert J. MacCoun, Martin Götz
- Chapter 12:The Importance of Type III and Type IV Epistemic Errors for Improving Empirical Science
- Charlotte Ursula Tate
- Chapter 13: Publication Bias in the Social Sciences: A Threat to Scientific Integrity
- Neil Malhotra, L. J. Zigerell
- Chapter 14: Let's Peer Review Peer Review
- Simine Vazire
- Chapter 15: Impact and Influence of the Institutional Review Board: Protecting the Rights of Human Subjects in Scientific Experiments
- Alison Dundes Renteln
- Chapter 16: Viral Science and The Tragedy of the Scientific Commons
- Tanya Menon, Christopher Winship
About the author
Lee Jussim is a Professor of Psychology at Rutgers University, where he was Chair of the department from 2010-2013. He is the author of Social Perception and Social Reality: Why Accuracy Dominates Bias and Self-Fulfilling Prophecy, which received the 2013 Publisher's Prose Award for best book in Psychology.
Jon A. Krosnick is the Frederic O. Glover Professor in Humanities and Social Sciences, Communication, Political Science, and Psychology at Stanford University. He is a social psychologist who does research on attitude formation, change, political behavior, and survey research methods. He also directs the Political Psychology Research Group.
Sean T. Stevens is a Senior Research Fellow for Polling and Analytics at the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE). He is a social psychologist who researches the psychological foundations of self-censorship, what motivates the desire to censor others, and how moral convictions produce motivated reasoning that can distort
interpretations of research in the social sciences.
Summary
The primary goal of science is to "get it right," meaning that scientists seek to accurately document the world as it is. While erroneous conclusions and flawed theories can and do occur, they can only be tolerated as long as reliable mechanisms of self-correction exist, but an array of recent evidence suggests that this is not always the case.
This book offers a behavioral science perspective on how scientific practice becomes compromised and provides recommendations for improvement. Broadening the discussion of research integrity beyond replication, publication biases, statistics, and methods, this book addresses the full complexity of the issue and serves academics and policy makers concerned with the reliability and validity of scientific findings across the social sciences. It tackles challenges presented by published reports and textbooks, addresses the ways that institutional review boards (IRBs) can influence the course of research, and discusses the weaknesses of meta-analysis, which is often recommended as a possible corrective measure for suboptimal scientific practice. The book concludes with an organizing framework to investigate how scientists' behaviors can impact the reliability and validity of scientific research.
