Wide Bandgap Nanowires - Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

WIDE BANDGAP NANOWIRES
 
Comprehensive resource covering the synthesis, properties, and applications of wide bandgap nanowires
 
This book presents first-hand knowledge on wide bandgap nanowires for sensor and energy applications. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, it brings together the materials science, physics and engineering aspects of wide bandgap nanowires, an area in which research has been accelerating dramatically in the past decade. Written by four well-qualified authors who have significant experience in the field, sample topics covered within the work include:
* Nanotechnology-enabled fabrication of wide bandgap nanowires, covering bottom-up, top-down and hybrid approaches
* Electrical, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of wide bandgap nanowires, which are the basis for realizing sensor and energy device applications
* Measurement of electrical conductivity and fundamental electrical properties of nanowires
* Applications of nanowires, such as in flame sensors, biological sensors, and environmental monitoring
 
For materials scientists, electrical engineers and professionals involved in the semiconductor industry, this book serves as a completely comprehensive resource to understand the topic of wide bandgap nanowires and how they can be successfully used in practical applications.

List of contents

Chapter 1 8
 
Bottom-up growth methods 8
 
Abstract 8
 
1.1. Introduction 9
 
1.2. Bottom-up growth mechanisms 10
 
1.2.1. Vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism 10
 
1.2.2. Vapor-solid-solid growth mechanism 16
 
1.2.3. Vapor-solid growth mechanism 22
 
1.2.4. Solution-liquid-solid growth mechanism 26
 
1.3. Bottom-up growth techniques 29
 
1.3.1. Chemical Vapor Deposition 29
 
1.3.2. Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition 33
 
1.3.3. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition 36
 
1.3.4. Hydride vapor phase epitaxy 38
 
1.3.5. Molecular Beam Epitaxy 41
 
1.3.6. Laser ablation 44
 
1.3.7. Thermal evaporation 46
 
1.3.8. Carbothermal reduction 48
 
References 51
 
Chapter 2 65
 
Top-down fabrication processes 65
 
Abstract 65
 
2.1. Introduction 66
 
2.2. Top-down fabrication techniques 68
 
2.2.1. Focused ion beam 68
 
2.2.2. Electron beam lithography 69
 
2.2.3. Reactive ion etching 72
 
2.2.4. Combined lithography techniques 74
 
References 76
 
Chapter 3 81
 
Hybrid fabrication techniques and nanowire heterostructures 81
 
Abstract 81
 
3.1. Introduction 82
 
3.2. Bottom-up meets top-down approaches 84
 
3.3. Integration of nanowires onto unconventional substrates 86
 
3.3.1. Transferring nanowires onto flexible substrates 86
 
3.3.2. Growing nanowires on graphene and layered material substrates 92
 
3.4. Synthesis of nanowire heterostructures 95
 
3.4.1. Synthesis of one-dimensional heterostructures 95
 
3.4.2. Synthesis of mixed dimensional heterostructures 98
 
References 101
 
Chapter 4 108
 
Electrical properties of wide bandgap nanowires 108
 
Abstract 108
 
4.1. Electrical properties 109
 
4.2. Measurement of electrical conductivity 109
 
4.3. Fundamental electrical properties of nanowires 112
 
4.3.1 Effect of doping on electrical properties 113
 
4.3.2 Mobility 115
 
4.3.3 Activation/ionization energy 116
 
4.3.4 Dependence of activation/ionization energy on NW dimensions 118
 
4.4 Electrical properties of wide bandgap nanowire based devices 118
 
4.4.1 Single NW electrical sensing devices 118
 
4.4.2 Field-effect transistors (FETs) 120
 
References 129
 
Chapter 5 132
 
Mechanical properties of wide bandgap nanowires 132
 
Abstract 132
 
5.1. Characterization techniques 133
 
5.1.1 Bending and buckling methods 133
 
5.1.2 Nano indenting method 138
 
5.1.3 Resonance testing method 139
 
5.2. Impact of defects and microstructures on mechanical properties of NWs 140
 
5.2.1. Defects 140
 
5.2.2 Effect of structures, dimensions and temperatures 143
 
5.3. Anelasticity and plasticity properties 148
 
5.3.1 Anelasticity 148
 
5.3.2 Plasticity 148
 
5.3.3 Brittle to ductile transition 150
 
References 152
 
Chapter 6 155
 
Optical properties of wide bandgap nanowires 155
 
Abstract 155
 
6.1 Optical properties of WBG NWs 156
 
6.1.1 Photoluminescence characterization of NWs 156
 
6.1.2 Size-dependent optical properties 157
 
6.1.3 Shape/morphology-dependent optical properties 158
 
6.1.4 Effect of crystal orientation 159
 
6.1.5 Tuning optical properties of NWs 160
 
6.2 Wide bangap nanowire light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 164
 
6.2.1 GaN nanowire based LEDs 164<

About the author

Tuan Anh Pham is a research assistant as well as a process engineer at the Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Australia. Dr. Pham's longstanding research interests have been focused on various fields of condensed matter physics and materials science, including 1D/2D materials, topological insulators, wide bandgap semiconductors, surface science, and wearable technology.
Toan Dinh is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Australia. Dr. Dinh's research interests include micro/nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), physics of semiconductors, sensors for harsh environments, soft robotics, and advanced materials for healthcare and wearable applications. Nam-Trung Nguyen is a Professor and the Director of Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre at Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia, and leads a research group of over 20 postgraduate and postdoctoral researchers. Research themes of the group include micro- and nanofluidics, micro- and nanofabrication; as well as micro- electromechanical systems (MEMS). Hoang-Phuong Phan is currently an ARC DECRA Fellow at Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University. He will join the University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia from March 2022 as a Senior Lecturer. The Phan Lab's research interest covers a broad range of semiconductor devices and applications, including MEMS/NEMS, integrated sensors, flexible electronics, and bio-sensing applications.

Summary

WIDE BANDGAP NANOWIRES

Comprehensive resource covering the synthesis, properties, and applications of wide bandgap nanowires

This book presents first-hand knowledge on wide bandgap nanowires for sensor and energy applications. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, it brings together the materials science, physics and engineering aspects of wide bandgap nanowires, an area in which research has been accelerating dramatically in the past decade. Written by four well-qualified authors who have significant experience in the field, sample topics covered within the work include:
* Nanotechnology-enabled fabrication of wide bandgap nanowires, covering bottom-up, top-down and hybrid approaches
* Electrical, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of wide bandgap nanowires, which are the basis for realizing sensor and energy device applications
* Measurement of electrical conductivity and fundamental electrical properties of nanowires
* Applications of nanowires, such as in flame sensors, biological sensors, and environmental monitoring

For materials scientists, electrical engineers and professionals involved in the semiconductor industry, this book serves as a completely comprehensive resource to understand the topic of wide bandgap nanowires and how they can be successfully used in practical applications.

Product details

• Authors: Toan Dinh, Nam-Trung Nguyen, Nam-Trung et al Nguyen, Nguyen Nam-Trung, Pham, Ta Pham, Tuan Anh Pham, Tuan Anh (Griffith University Pham, Tuan Anh Dinh Pham, Tuan-Anh Pham, Tuan-Anh Dinh Pham, Pham Tuan Anh, Hoang-Phuong Phan, Hoang-Phuong et al Phan
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.08.2022
• EAN: 9781119774372
• ISBN: 978-1-119-77437-2
• No. of pages: 272
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Electronics, electrical engineering, communications engineering; Physik, Physics, Materialwissenschaften, Materials science, Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Elektrotechnik u. Elektronik, Components & Devices, Komponenten u. Bauelemente, Halbleiterphysik, Materials for Energy Systems, Materialien f. Energiesysteme, Semiconductor Physics