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In
A Dynamic Theory of Populism in Power, Julio F. Carrión examines the relationship between populism in power and democracy. He studies five Latin American populist presidencies and explains why and how democracy perished under four of them but survived in one. Carrión also develops a theory that accounts for changes in the balance of power between the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary, and distinguishes between unconstrained and contained populism in power.
List of contents
- List of Figures
- List of Acronyms
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- 1. Democracy and Populism
- 2. A Dynamic Theory of Populism in Power
- 3. The Critical Antecedents of Populism: Mass Political Discontent and Elite Disarray
- 4. The Tsunami Moment: Coming to Power
- 5. The Hobbesian Moment: Confronting the Opposition
- 6. The Populist Moment: Securing and Expanding Power
- 7. Reproducing Populism: Tilting the Electoral Playing Field
- 8. Conclusion: Populism and Regime Change
- Bibliography
- Index
About the author
Julio F. Carrión is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at the University of Delaware, where he also was the Founding Director of its Center for Global and Area Studies. He edited The Fujimori Legacy: The Rise of Electoral Authoritarianism in Peru and has published numerous articles in both English and Spanish. His analysis of Peruvian politics has been featured in the Latin America Advisor, World Politics Review, The Wall Street Journal, and other media outlets.
Summary
The relationship between populism and democracy is contested among scholars. While some propose that populism is inherently harmful for democracy because it is anti-pluralist and confrontational, others argue that populism can reinvigorate worn-out democracies in need of greater popular participation. In A Dynamic Theory of Populism in Power, Julio F. Carrión advances this debate by examining the empirical relationship between populism in power and democracy. Does populism in power always lead to regime change, that is, the demise of democracy? The answer is no. The impact of populism on democracy depends on the variety of populism in power: the worst outcomes in democratic governance are found under unconstrained populism. Carrión presents the permissive and productive conditions for why and how populism becomes unconstrained, as well as a dynamic theory of change that shows how the late victories of populists build on early ones, resulting in greater power asymmetries.
A Dynamic Theory of Populism in Power provides an analysis of five Latin American populist presidencies, all located in the Andes. In four of them (Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela), populism became unconstrained and regime change followed. In one case, Colombia, populism in power was successfully contained and democracy survived. The concluding chapter places the Andean cases in comparative perspective and discusses how unconstrained populism in other cases (Nicaragua and Hungary) also led to the end of electoral democracy. Where populism in power was constrained (Honduras and the United States), regime change did not materialize. Carrión advances a theory of populism in power that helps us understand how democracies transition into non-democracies. To that extent, the book illuminates the processes of democratic erosion in our time.
Additional text
Based on his deep, comprehensive knowledge of politics in the Andean countries, Julio Carrión provides an instructive analysis of the sequential steps in which populist leaders try to impose their hegemony. This timely study convincingly explains why democracy falls in some cases, but not others—the crucial question raised by populism's global advance in recent years.
