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Suttichai Assabumrun, Suttichai Assabumrungrat, Gopinath Halder, Gopinath Assabumrun Halder, Gopinath Assabumrungrat Halder, Ngaosuw...
Biodiesel Production - Feedstocks, Catalysts, and Technologies
English · Hardback
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Description
An incisive discussion of biofuel production from an economically informed technical perspective that addresses sustainability and commercialization together
In Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Catalysts and Technologies, renowned chemists Drs Rokhum, Halder, Ngaosuwan and Assabumrungrat present an up-to-date account of the most recent developments, challenges, and trends in biodiesel production. The book addresses select feedstocks, including edible and non-edible oils, waste cooking oil, microalgae, and animal fats, and highlights their advantages and disadvantages from a variety of perspectives. It also discusses several catalysts used in each of their methods of preparation, as well as their synthesis, reactivity, recycling techniques, and stability.
The contributions explore recently developed technologies for sustainable production of biodiesel and provides robust treatments of their sustainability, commercialization, and their prospects for future biodiesel production.
* A thorough introduction to the various catalysts used in the preparation of biodiesel and their characteristics
* Comprehensive explorations of biofuel production from technical and economic perspectives, with complete treatments of their sustainability and commercialization
* Practical discussions of the development of new strategies for sustainable and economically viable biodiesel production
* In-depth examinations of biodiesel feedstocks, catalysts, and technologies
Perfect for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in fields that involve biofuels, bioenergy, catalysis, and materials science, Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Catalysts and Technologies will also earn a place in the libraries of bioenergy regulators.
List of contents
Preface xv
List of Contributors xvii
An Overview of Biodiesel Production xxi
Part 1 Biodiesel Feedstocks 1
1 Advances in Production of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils and Animal Fats 3
Umer Rashid and Balkis Hazmi
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 History of the Use of Vegetable Oil in Biodiesel 6
1.3 Feedstocks for Biodiesel Production 6
1.3.1 Generations of Biodiesel 7
1.3.2 First-Generation Biodiesel 7
1.3.3 Second-Generation Biodiesel 8
1.3.4 Third-Generation Biodiesel 8
1.4 Basics of the Transesterification Reaction 8
1.5 Variables Affecting Transesterification Reaction 10
1.6 Alkaline-Catalyzed Transesterification 10
1.7 Acid-Catalyzed Transesterification 15
1.8 Enzymatic-Catalyzed Transesterification 16
1.9 Fuel Properties and Quality Specifications for Biodiesel 19
1.10 Conclusion 20
References 21
2 Green Technologies in Valorization of Waste Cooking Oil to Biodiesel 33
Bisheswar Karmakar and Gopinath Halder
2.1 Introduction 33
2.1.1 The Necessity for Biodiesel 33
2.1.2 Sourcing the Correct Precursor 33
2.2 Importance of Valorization 35
2.3 Purification and Characterization 35
2.4 Transesterification: A Comprehensive Look 36
2.5 Conversion Techniques 37
2.5.1 Traditional Conversion Approaches 38
2.5.1.1 Acid Catalysis 38
2.5.1.2 Alkali Catalysis 38
2.5.1.3 Enzyme Catalysis 40
2.5.1.4 Other Novel Heterogeneous Catalysts 40
2.5.1.5 Two-Step Catalyzed Process 41
2.5.2 Modern Conversion Approaches 41
2.5.2.1 Supercritical Fluids 41
2.5.2.2 Microwave Irradiation 43
2.5.2.3 Ultrasonication 43
2.6 Economics and Environmental Impact 44
2.7 Conclusion and Perspectives 45
References 45
3 Non-edible Oils for Biodiesel Production: State of the Art and Future
Perspectives 49
Valeria D'Ambrosio, Enrico Scelsi, and Carlo Pastore
3.1 Introduction 49
3.2 Vegetable Non-edible Oils 50
3.2.1 General Cultivation Data 50
3.2.2 Composition and Chemical-Physical Properties of Biodiesel Obtained from Non-edible Vegetable Oils 50
3.2.3 Biodiesel Production from Non-edible Vegetable Oil 54
3.2.3.1 Extraction Methods 54
3.2.3.2 Biodiesel Production 57
3.2.4 Criticisms Related to Non-edible Oils 57
3.3 Future Perspectives of Non-edible Oils: Oils from Waste 58
3.4 Conclusion 60
Acknowledgments 61
References 61
4 Algal Oil as a Low-Cost Feedstock for Biodiesel Production 67
Michael Van Lal Chhandama, Kumudini Belur Satyan, and Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum
4.1 Introduction 67
4.1.1 Microalgae for Biodiesel Production 68
4.2 Lipid and Biosynthesis of Lipid in Microalgae 70
4.2.1 Lipid Biosynthesis 71
4.2.2 Lipid Extraction 72
4.3 Optimization of Lipid Production in Microalgae 73
4.3.1 Nitrogen Stress 73
4.3.2 Phosphorous Stress 73
4.3.3 pH Stress 74
4.3.4 Temperature Stress 74
4.3.5 Light 75
4.4 Conclusion 75
References 76
Part 2 Different Catalysts Used in Biodiesel Production 83
5 Homogeneous Catalysts Used in Biodiesel Production 85
Bidangshri Basumatary, Biswajit Nath, and Sanjay Basumatary
5.1 Introduction 85
5.2 Transesterification in Biodiesel Synthesis 86
5.3 Homogeneous Catalyst in Biodiesel Synthesis 88
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About the author
Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum, PhD, is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the laboratory of Prof. Andrew EH Wheatley in the Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, UK and Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology in Silchar, India. His research interest includes organic chemistry, material chemistry, renewable energy, and heterogeneous catalysis. He is actively engaged in numerous scientific societies and currently served as an Academic Editor of Journal of Chemistry (Hindawi) and a guest editor in several journals. Gopinath Halder, Ph.D., is Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India. As a chemical engineer, Prof. Halder has more than two decades of teaching and research experience in biofuel synthesis from non-edible and microalgal feedstock, preparation of heterogeneous carbonaceous catalyst, process optimization and bioremediation of contaminated waste water containing heavy metals, fluoride ions and pharmaceutical active compounds. Suttichai Assabumrungrat is Full Professor in Chemical Engineering, and the Director of Bio-Circular-Green economy Technology and Engineering Center (BCGeTEC), Faculty of Engineering at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. His research interest includes applications of multifunctional reactors and process intensification for chemical, petrochemical and biorefinery industries. Particular focuses are on technologies related to production of biofuels, bio-based chemicals and hydrogen as well as CO2 capture and utilization. Kanokwan Ngaosuwan is Associate Professor in Chemical Engineering at the Division of Chemical Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep, Bangkok, Thailand. She earned her Ph.D. degree in chemical engineering from Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Her research interests include biomass conversion, heterogenous catalysis and catalytic reaction engineering, and process intensification.
Summary
An incisive discussion of biofuel production from an economically informed technical perspective that addresses sustainability and commercialization together
In Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Catalysts and Technologies, renowned chemists Drs Rokhum, Halder, Ngaosuwan and Assabumrungrat present an up-to-date account of the most recent developments, challenges, and trends in biodiesel production. The book addresses select feedstocks, including edible and non-edible oils, waste cooking oil, microalgae, and animal fats, and highlights their advantages and disadvantages from a variety of perspectives. It also discusses several catalysts used in each of their methods of preparation, as well as their synthesis, reactivity, recycling techniques, and stability.
The contributions explore recently developed technologies for sustainable production of biodiesel and provides robust treatments of their sustainability, commercialization, and their prospects for future biodiesel production.
* A thorough introduction to the various catalysts used in the preparation of biodiesel and their characteristics
* Comprehensive explorations of biofuel production from technical and economic perspectives, with complete treatments of their sustainability and commercialization
* Practical discussions of the development of new strategies for sustainable and economically viable biodiesel production
* In-depth examinations of biodiesel feedstocks, catalysts, and technologies
Perfect for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in fields that involve biofuels, bioenergy, catalysis, and materials science, Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Catalysts and Technologies will also earn a place in the libraries of bioenergy regulators.
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