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Informationen zum Autor VLADIMIR A. KOVALEV, PHD, is an atmospheric physicist in the Fire Sciences Laboratory, Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Missoula, Montana. WILLIAM E. EICHINGER, PHD, is a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Iowa. Klappentext Lidar ist das Akronym für Light Detection and Ranging. Lidar-Systeme arbeiten nach demselben Prinzip wie Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging), tasten die Umgebung in verschiedenen Richtungen und Neigungen jedoch mit einem Impulslaser ab. Beim elastischen Lidar wird Licht, das an den Molekülen und Teilchen in der Atmosphäre gestreut wurde, von einem Teleskop gesammelt und mit einem Photodetektor vermessen. Das Signal wird digitalisiert; man erhält ein detailreiches Echtzeit-Profil der Konzentration von Aerosolen in der Atmosphäre. Dieses Handbuch für Anwender des elastischen Lidars enthält eine tiefgehende Diskussion der praktischen Herangehensweise sowie Informationen zu Inversionstechniken, zur Datenanalyse, zum Aufbau eines elastischen Lidars und zu verschiedenen Testmethoden. Zusammenfassung Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) operates on similar principles to RADAR but in lieu of radio waves, lidar uses a laser to scan through the atmosphere. In elastic lidar, light scattered back towards the lidar instrument from molecules and particles in the atmosphere is collected by a telescope and measured with a photodetector. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface. Definitions. 1. Atmospheric Properties. 1.1 Atmospheric Structure. 1.2 Atmospheric Properties. 2. Light Propagation in the Atmosphere. 2.1 Light Extinction and Transmittance. 2.2 Total and Directional Elastic Scattering of the Light Bean. 2.3 Light Scattering by Molecules and Particulates: Inelastic Scattering. 2.4 Light Absorption by Molecules and Particulates. 3. Fundamentals of the Lidar Technique. 3.1 Introduction to the Lidar Technique. 3.2 Lidar Equation and Its Constituents. 3.3 Elastic Lidar Hardware. 3.4 Practical Lidar Issues. 3.5 Eye Safety Issues and Hardware. 4. Detectors, Digitizers, Electronics. 4.1 Detectors. 4.2 Electric Circuits for Optical Detectors. 4.3 A-D Converters/Digitizers. 4.4 General. 5. Analytical Solutions of the Lidar Equation. 5.1 Simple Lidar-Equation Solution for a Homogene ous. 5.2 Basic Transformation of the Elastic Lidar Equation. 5.3 Lidar Equation Solution for a Single-Component Heterogeneous Atmosphere. 5.4 Lidar Equation Solution for a Two-Component Atmosphere. 5.5 Which Solution is Best? 6. Uncertainty Estimation for Lidar Measurements. 6.1 Uncertainty for the Slope Method. 6.2 Lidar Measurement Uncertainty in a Two-Component Atmosphere. 6.3 Background Constituent in the Original Lidar Signal and Lidar Signal Averaging. 7. Backscatter-to-Extinction Ratio. 7.1 Exploration of the Backscatter-to-Extinction Ratio on the Inversion Result. 7.2 Influence of Uncertainty in the Backscatter-to-Extinction Ratio. 8. Lidar Examination of Clear and Moderately Turbid Atmospheres. 8.1 One-Directional Lidar Measurements: Methods and Problems. 8.2 Inversion Techniques for a "Spotted" Atmosphere. 9. Multiangle Methods for Extinction Coefficient Determination. 9.1 Angle-Dependent Lidar Equation and Its Basic Solution. 9.2 Solution for the Layer-Integrated Form of the Angle-Dependent Lidar Equation. 9.3 Solution for the Two-Angle layer-Integrated Form of the Lidar Equation. 9.4 Two-Angle Solution for the Angle-Independent Lidar Equation. 9.5 High-Altitude Tropospheric Measurements with Lidar. 9.6 Which Method Us the Best? 10. Differential...
