Design, Modeling and Reliability in Rotating Machinery

Design, Modeling, and Reliability in ROTATING MACHINERY
 
This broad collection of current rotating machinery topics, written by industry experts, is a must-have for rotating equipment engineers, maintenance personnel, students, and anyone else wanting to stay abreast with current rotating machinery concepts and technology.
 
Rotating machinery represents a broad category of equipment, which includes pumps, compressors, fans, gas turbines, electric motors, internal combustion engines, and other equipment, that are critical to the efficient operation of process facilities around the world. These machines must be designed to move gases and liquids safely, reliably, and in an environmentally friendly manner. To fully understand rotating machinery, owners must be familiar with their associated technologies, such as machine design, lubrication, fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, rotordynamics, vibration analysis, condition monitoring, maintenance practices, reliability theory, and other topics.
 
The goal of the "Advances in Rotating Machinery" book series is to provide industry practitioners a time-savings means of learning about the most up-to-date rotating machinery ideas and best practices. This three-book series will cover industry-relevant topics, such as design assessments, modeling, reliability improvements, maintenance methods and best practices, reliability audits, data collection, data analysis, condition monitoring, and more.
 
This first volume begins the series by focusing on rotating machinery design assessments, modeling and analysis, and reliability improvement ideas. This broad collection of current rotating machinery topics, written by industry experts, is a must-have for rotating equipment engineers, maintenance personnel, students, and anyone else wanting to stay abreast with current rotating machinery concepts and technology.
 
Design, Modeling, and Reliability in Rotating Machinery covers, among many other topics:
* Rotordynamics and torsional vibration modeling
* Hydrodynamic bearing design theory and current practices
* Centrifugal and reciprocating compressor design and analysis
* Centrifugal pump design, selection, and monitoring
* General purpose steam turbine sizing

List of contents

Preface xiii
 
Acknowledgements xv
 
Part 1: Design and Analysis 1
 
1 Rotordynamic Analysis 3
By William D. Marscher
 
Introduction 3
 
Rotor Vibration - General Physical Concepts 4
 
Rotor Vibration - Mathematical Description 6
 
Natural Frequencies and Resonance 6
 
Critical Speed Analysis 10
 
Phase Angle, and Its Relationship to Natural Frequency 15
 
Gyroscopic Effects 16
 
Accounting for Bearings 18
 
Cross-Coupling Versus Damping and "Log Dec" 20
 
Annular Seal "Lomakin Effect" 21
 
Fluid "Added Mass" 23
 
Casing and Foundation Effects 24
 
Lateral Vibration Analysis Methods for Turbomachinery and Pump Rotor Systems 25
 
Manual Methods Single Stage 25
 
Computer Methods 26
 
Forced Response Analysis 30
 
Mechanical Excitation Forces 32
 
Balance 32
 
Fluid Excitation Forces 37
 
Impeller Reaction Forces 37
 
Impeller Active Forces 38
 
Rotordynamic Stability 43
 
Subsynchronous Whirl & Whip 43
 
Stabilizing Component Modifications 47
 
Vertical Turbine Pump Rotor Evaluation 48
 
Conclusions 51
 
Nomenclature 52
 
Acknowledgements 53
 
References 53
 
2 Torsional Analysis 57
By William D. Marscher
 
Introduction 58
 
General Concerns in the Torsional Vibration Analysis of Pump and Turbomachinery Rotor Assemblies 58
 
Predicting Torsional Natural Frequencies 59
 
Torsional Excitations 63
 
Torsional Forced Response 68
 
Case History 72
 
Conclusions 73
 
Nomenclature 79
 
Acknowledgements 79
 
References 80
 
3 Hydrodynamic Bearings 83
By John K. Whalen
 
API Mechanical Equipment Standards for Refinery Service 83
 
Bearings 84
 
Hydrodynamic Lubrication 85
 
Tower's Experiments 86
 
Reynolds Equation 88
 
Stribeck Curve 93
 
Journal Bearings 94
 
Dynamic Coefficients 101
 
Tilting Pad Journal Bearings 103
 
Pivot Types 107
 
Lubrication Methods 117
 
Thrust Bearings 120
 
A Note on Thrust Bearing Diameters 122
 
Fixed Geometry Thrust Bearings 122
 
Pivot Types 127
 
Lubrication 127
 
Increasing Load Capacity 130
 
Babbitt 131
 
Polymer-Lined Bearings 132
 
Current and Future Work 134
 
References 135
 
4 Understanding Rotating Machinery Data Trends and Correlations 139
By Robert X. Perez
 
Pattern Recognition 139
 
Static Versus Dynamic Data 141
 
Trends 142
 
Flat Trends 142
 
Trends with Step Changes 144
 
Upward and Downward Trends 146
 
Cyclic Trends 148
 
Is It the Machine or the Process? 148
 
Correlations 149
 
"Correlation Does Not Imply Causation" 151
 
Combination Trends 154
 
Exponential Growth Trends 155
 
Erratic Trends 160
 
Induced Draft Fan Experiences Unpredictable Vibration 160
 
Erratic Vibration Related to Rotor Instability 161
 
Some Rules of Thumb 162
 
5 An Introduction to Sizing General Purpose Steam Turbines 165
By Robert X. Perez and David W. Lawhon
 
Why Do We Use Steam Turbines? 165
 
How Steam Turbines Work 165
 
Steam Generation 167
 
Waste Heat Utilization 168
 
The Rankine Cycle 169
 
General Purpose Steam Turbine Sizing 170
 
General Purpose, Back Pressure, Steam Turbines 170
 
Single Stage B

About the author

Robert Perez is a mechanical engineer with more than 40 years of rotating equipment experience in the petrochemical industry. He has worked in petroleum refineries, chemical facilities, and gas processing plants. He earned a BSME degree from Texas A&M University at College Station, an MSME degree from the University of Texas at Austin and holds a Texas PE license. Mr. Perez has written numerous technical articles for magazines and conferences proceedings and has authored five books and coauthored four books covering machinery reliability, including several books also available from Wiley-Scrivener.

Summary

Rotating machinery represents a broad category of equipment, which includes pumps, compressors, fans, gas turbines, electric motors, internal combustion engines, and other equipment, that are critical to the efficient operation of process facilities around the world. These machines must be designed to move gases and liquids safely, reliably, and in an environmentally friendly manner. To fully understand rotating machinery, owners must be familiar with their associated technologies, such as machine design, lubrication, fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, rotordynamics, vibration analysis, condition monitoring, maintenance practices, reliability theory, and other topics.

The goal of the "Advances in Rotating Machinery" book series is to provide industry practitioners a time-savings means of learning about the most up-to-date rotating machinery ideas and best practices. This three-book series will cover industry-relevant topics, such as design assessments, modeling, reliability improvements, maintenance methods and best practices, reliability audits, data collection, data analysis, condition monitoring, and more.

This first volume begins the series by focusing on rotating machinery design assessments, modeling and analysis, and reliability improvement ideas. This broad collection of current rotating machinery topics, written by industry experts, is a must-have for rotating equipment engineers, maintenance personnel, students, and anyone else wanting to stay abreast with current rotating machinery concepts and technology.

Product details

• Authors: William D Marscher, William D. Marscher, R Perez, Robert Perez, Robert X Perez, Robert X. Perez, Robert X. (Texas A&m University Perez, Robert X. Whalen Perez, Joh Whalen, John Whalen
• Assisted by: Robert X. Perez (Editor), Perez Robert X. (Editor), Robert X Perez (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.08.2021
• EAN: 9781119631682
• ISBN: 978-1-119-63168-2
• No. of pages: 384
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > General, dictionaries; Maschinenbau, Technologiemanagement, Prozesssteuerung, Industrial Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, chemische Verfahrenstechnik, Maschinenbau - Entwurf, Mechanical Engineering - Design, Technische Zuverlässigkeit, Industrielle Verfahrenstechnik, Process Engineering, Engineering Technology Management