Processing of Ceramics - Breakthroughs in Optical Materials

PROCESSING OF CERAMICS
 
A firsthand account of the "transparent ceramics revolution" from one of the pioneers in the field
 
Processing of Ceramics: Breakthroughs in Optical Materials is an in-depth survey of the breakthrough research and development of transparent ceramics, covering historical background, theory, manufacturing processes, and applications. Written by an internationally-recognized leader in the technology, this authoritative volume describes advances in optical grade ceramics over the past three decades--from the author's first demonstration of laser ceramics in Japan in 1991 to new applications of transparent ceramics such as ceramic jewels, wireless heating elements, and mobile device displays.
 
The author provides numerous development examples of laser ceramics, crystal and ceramic scintillators, magneto-optic transparent ceramics, optical ceramic phosphors for solid state lighting, and more. Detailed chapters cover topics such as the technical problems of conventional translucent and transparent ceramics, the characteristics of scintillation materials, single crystal and ceramic scintillator fabrication and optimization, and solid-state crystal growth (SSCG) methods for single crystal ceramics.
 
Processing of Ceramics:
* Outlines the author's 30 years of work in the area of transparent ceramics
* Provides a detailed history of the world's first ceramic laser development
* Demonstrates how laser oscillation using ceramic materials match or surpass high-quality single crystals
* Describes how innovative polycrystalline ceramics have transformed optical material development
* Includes extensive references, chapter introductions and summaries, and numerous graphs, tables, diagrams, and color images
 
Processing of Ceramics is an invaluable resource for researchers, materials scientists, engineers, and other professionals across academic and industrial fields involved in the development and application of optical grade ceramics.

List of contents

List of Contributors xi
 
Preface xiii
 
1 Introduction 1
 
Akio Ikesue and Yan Lin Aung
 
1.1 Introduction 1
 
1.2 Technical Problem of Conventional Single Crystal 5
 
1.3 Problem of Conventional Translucent and Transparent Ceramics 9
 
1.4 Objective of Optical Grade Ceramics 13
 
1.5 Conclusions 31
 
References 31
 
2 Ceramic Laser/Solid-State Laser 33
 
Akio Ikesue and Yan Lin Aung
 
2.1 Background 33
 
2.2 Principle of Laser Generation 34
 
2.2.1 Spontaneous Emission 34
 
2.2.2 Stimulated Emission and Laser Generation 36
 
2.3 LaserCeramics 38
 
2.3.1 Synthesis of Garnet-Based Materials 38
 
2.3.2 Laser Oscillation by Monolithic Garnet Ceramics 39
 
2.3.3 Synthesis and Laser Performance of Sesquioxide Ceramics 44
 
2.3.4 Other Materials (CaF2, Pseudo Perovskite, ZnSe, ZnS, etc.) 48
 
2.3.5 Fiber Ceramics as Laser Gain Media 55
 
2.3.6 Optically Anisotropic Ceramics 56
 
2.3.7 Laser Oscillation by Composite Laser Elements 65
 
References 70
 
3 Scintillators 73
 
Jiang Li, Xiaopu Chen, and Martin Nikl
 
3.1 Background 73
 
3.1.1 Historical Development of Scintillators 74
 
3.1.2 Application of Scintillators 75
 
3.2 Physics of Scintillation 78
 
3.2.1 Characteristics of Scintillation Materials 79
 
3.3 Inorganic Single Crystal Scintillation Materials 81
 
3.3.1 Halide Scintillators 81
 
3.3.2 Oxide Scintillators 84
 
3.4 Fabrication of Advanced Single Crystal and Ceramics Scintillators 85
 
3.4.1 Rare-Earth Oxyorthosilicate Scintillators 86
 
3.4.2 Garnet Scintillators 90
 
3.4.3 GOS Ceramic Scintillators 96
 
3.4.4 (Y,Lu,Gd)2O3:Eu Ceramic Scintillators 99
 
3.5 Optimization of Single Crystal and Ceramic Scintillators 100
 
3.5.1 Rare-Earth Oxyorthosilicate Scintillators 100
 
3.5.2 Garnet Scintillators 103
 
3.5.3 GOS Ceramic Scintillators 117
 
3.5.4 (Y,Lu,Gd)2O3:Eu Ceramic Scintillators 120
 
3.6 Residual Problems and Future Trends 122
 
Acknowledgments 127
 
References 127
 
4 Magneto-Optic Transparent Ceramics 143
 
Akio Ikesue and Yan Lin Aung
 
4.1 Introduction 143
 
4.2 Theory of Magneto-Optic Effect 145
 
4.2.1 Magneto-Optic Effect in Paramagnetic Transparent Ceramics 146
 
4.2.2 Magneto-Optic Effect in Ferromagnetic Material 148
 
4.2.3 Measurement of Verdet Constant, Insertion Loss, and Extinction Ratio 149
 
4.3 Important Parameter for Application 152
 
4.3.1 Thermal Lens Effect in Faraday Rotator 152
 
4.3.2 High Power Laser Irradiation 155
 
4.4 Paramagnetic Magneto-Optic Ceramic Materials 157
 
4.4.1 TGG Ceramics 157
 
4.4.2 TAG (Terbium Aluminum Garnet) Ceramics 161
 
4.4.3 Sesqui-Oxide Ceramics 164
 
4.4.4 Pyrochlore Ceramics 172
 
4.5 Ferrimagnetic Magneto-Optic Ceramics 172
 
4.5.1 Yttrium Iron Garnet 174
 
4.5.2 Bismuth Doped Yttrium Iron Garnet Ceramics 176
 
4.5.3 Cerium Doped Yttrium Iron Garnet Ceramics 178
 
4.6 Summary 180
 
References 182
 
5 Solid-State Lighting 187
 
Jian Xu, Xin Liu, and Jiang Li
 
5.1 Introduction 187
 
5.2 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 190
 
5.2.1 Brief History 190
 
5.2.2 Principle and Structure 194
 
5.2.3 Generation of White Light from LEDs 198
 
5.3 Fundamentals of Phosphor-Converted White LEDs 207
 
5.3.1 Basic Principles of Luminescence 207

About the author

Akio Ikesue is the President of World-Lab Co., Japan, an Executive Scientist at SCHOTT AG, Germany, an Invited Professor at Pierre and Marie Curie University, France, and a Visiting Professor at Nagoya University, Japan. In 1995, he succeeded in fabricating an optical grade polycrystalline neodymium (Nd)-doped yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic for the first time in the world, and pioneered the high efficiency laser generation using ceramics. He is the recipient of numerous awards and has authored more than 100 technical publications.

Summary

PROCESSING OF CERAMICS

A firsthand account of the "transparent ceramics revolution" from one of the pioneers in the field

Processing of Ceramics: Breakthroughs in Optical Materials is an in-depth survey of the breakthrough research and development of transparent ceramics, covering historical background, theory, manufacturing processes, and applications. Written by an internationally-recognized leader in the technology, this authoritative volume describes advances in optical grade ceramics over the past three decades--from the author's first demonstration of laser ceramics in Japan in 1991 to new applications of transparent ceramics such as ceramic jewels, wireless heating elements, and mobile device displays.

The author provides numerous development examples of laser ceramics, crystal and ceramic scintillators, magneto-optic transparent ceramics, optical ceramic phosphors for solid state lighting, and more. Detailed chapters cover topics such as the technical problems of conventional translucent and transparent ceramics, the characteristics of scintillation materials, single crystal and ceramic scintillator fabrication and optimization, and solid-state crystal growth (SSCG) methods for single crystal ceramics.

Processing of Ceramics:
* Outlines the author's 30 years of work in the area of transparent ceramics
* Provides a detailed history of the world's first ceramic laser development
* Demonstrates how laser oscillation using ceramic materials match or surpass high-quality single crystals
* Describes how innovative polycrystalline ceramics have transformed optical material development
* Includes extensive references, chapter introductions and summaries, and numerous graphs, tables, diagrams, and color images

Processing of Ceramics is an invaluable resource for researchers, materials scientists, engineers, and other professionals across academic and industrial fields involved in the development and application of optical grade ceramics.

Product details

• Authors: a Ikesue, Akio Ikesue
• Assisted by: Aki Ikesue (Editor), Akio Ikesue (Editor), Ikesue Akio (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.05.2021
• EAN: 9781119538707
• ISBN: 978-1-119-53870-7
• No. of pages: 432
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > General, dictionaries; Physik, Optik, Ceramics, Physics, Photonik, Materialwissenschaften, Materials science, Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Elektrotechnik u. Elektronik, Keramische Werkstoffe, Photonik u. Laser, Photonics & Lasers, Optik u. Photonik, Optics & Photonics, Keramik (Techn.), Keramischer Werkstoff