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This open access book crosses disciplinary boundaries to connect theories of environmental justice with Indigenous people's experiences of freshwater management and governance. It traces the history of one freshwater crisis - the degradation of Aotearoa New Zealand's Waipa River- to the settler-colonial acts of ecological dispossession resulting in intergenerational injustices for Indigenous Maori iwi (tribes). The authors draw on a rich empirical base to document the negative consequences of imposing Western knowledge, worldviews, laws, governance and management approaches onto Maori and their ancestral landscapes and waterscapes. Importantly, this book demonstrates how degraded freshwater systems can and are being addressed by Maori seeking to reassert their knowledge, authority, and practices of kaitiakitanga (environmental guardianship). Co-governance and co-management agreements between iwi and the New Zealand Government, over the Waipa River, highlight how Maori are envisioning and enacting more sustainable freshwater management and governance, thus seeking to achieve Indigenous environmental justice (IEJ).
The book provides an accessible way for readers coming from a diversity of different backgrounds, be they academics, students, practitioners or decision-makers, to develop an understanding of IEJ and its applicability to freshwater management and governance in the context of changing socio-economic, political, and environmental conditions that characterise the Anthropocene.
List of contents
Chapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Environmental Justice and Indigenous Environmental Justice.- Chapter 3: 'The past is always in front of us': locating historical Maori waterscapes at the centre of discussions of current and future freshwater management.- Chapter 4: Remaking muddy blue spaces: histories of human-wetlands interactions in the Waipa River and the creation of environmental injustices.- Chapter 5: A history of the settler-colonial freshwater impure-ment: water pollution and the creation of multiple environmental injustices along the Waipa River.- Chapter 6: Legal and ontological pluralism: Recognising rivers as more-than-human entities.- Chapter 7: Transforming river governance: the co-governance arrangements in the Waikato and Waipa Rivers.- Chapter 8 Co-management in theory and practice: co-managing the Waipa River.-Chapter 9: Decolonising River Restoration: restoration as acts of healing and expression of rangatiratanga.- Chapter 10: Rethinking freshwater management in the context of climate change: planning for different times, climates, and generations.- Chapter 11: Conclusion: Spiralling forwards, backwards, and together to decolonise freshwater.
About the author
Meg Parsons is senior lecturer at the University of Auckland, New Zealand who specialises in historical geography and Indigenous peoples' experiences of environmental changes. Of Indigenous and non-Indigenous heritage (Ng¿puhi, P¿keh¿, Lebanese), Parsons is a contributing author to IPCC's Sixth Assessment of Working Group II report and the author of 34 publications.
Karen Fisher (Ng¿ti Maniapoto, Waikato-Tainui, P¿keh¿) is an associate professor in the School Environment, University of Auckland, New Zealand. Aotearoa New Zealand. She is a human geographer with research interests in environmental governance and the politics of resource use in freshwater and marine environments.
Roa Petra Crease (Ng¿ti Maniapoto, Filipino, P¿keh¿) is an early career researcher who employs theorising from feminist political ecology to examine climate change adaptation for Indigenous and marginalised peoples. Recent publications explore theintersections of gender justice and climate justice in the Philippines, and m¿tuaranga M¿ori (knowledge) of flooding.
