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Based on research on the links between deep brain stimulation and its applications in the field of psychiatry, the history of techniques is of great importance in this book in order to understand the scope of the fields of application of electricity in brain sciences. The concepts of brain electricity, stimulation, measurement and therapy are further developed to identify lines of convergence, ruptures and conceptual perspectives for a materialistic understanding of human nature that emerged during the 18th century. In an epistemological posture, at the crossroads of the concepts of epistemes, as stated by Foucault, and phenomenotechnics, as conceived by Bachelard, the analyses focus on the technical content of the theories while inscribing them in the language and specificities of each era.
List of contents
Foreword vii
Introduction xiii
Chapter 1. The Birth of an Electrical Culture: From Frankenstein to Hyde 1
1.1. "Re"creating life? 2
1.2. Changing and regulating behavior 31
1.3. Possible electrical profiling? 45
Chapter 2. From Physics to Electrifying Physicists 49
2.1. Physics, knowledge of laws and nature of electricity 50
2.2. Medical physics: philosophical issues 65
2.3. Healing machines? 80
Chapter 3. Controversial Electricity Applications 91
3.1. Paralysis 92
3.2. Nervous disorders 100
3.3. Electricity: between the normal and the pathological 115
Chapter 4. Animal Electricity: Between Medicine and Physiology 125
4.1. Understanding life: heuristic experiments 125
4.2. Medical galvanism 143
4.3. Electrocentric life 154
Chapter 5. Between Electrotherapy Rooms and Laboratories: Specializing Electricity 169
5.1. Electrical therapies: emergencies and interventionism 170
5.1.1. Deceptive diseases 171
5.1.2. When treatment depends on techniques 180
5.1.3. Electricity: a diagnostic tool for mental illness? 197
5.2. Exploration and recording of nervous system activities 203
5.2.1. Electrophysiology: measuring and exploring from 1848 onwards 203
5.2.2. Stimulations on animal and human brains: localist perspectives 213
5.2.3. Brain electricity recordings and the electric alphabet 228
Chapter 6. Disorders and Resurgences of Electrical Neurostimulation Therapies: From Heath to Deep Brain Stimulation 239
6.1. Stimulation, control and improvement of moral and cognitive capacities 241
6.2. Deep brain stimulation and psychiatry 251
6.3. Man, brain and machine 265
Conclusion 271
Appendix 1 275
Appendix 2 281
References 289
Index of Names 325
Index of Terms 331
About the author
Céline Cherici: Maître de conférence of epistemology and History of medical science, University Picardie Jules Verne, Department of philosophy.
Summary
Based on research on the links between deep brain stimulation and its applications in the field of psychiatry, the history of techniques is of great importance in this book in order to understand the scope of the fields of application of electricity in brain sciences. The concepts of brain electricity, stimulation, measurement and therapy are further developed to identify lines of convergence, ruptures and conceptual perspectives for a materialistic understanding of human nature that emerged during the 18th century. In an epistemological posture, at the crossroads of the concepts of epistemes, as stated by Foucault, and phenomenotechnics, as conceived by Bachelard, the analyses focus on the technical content of the theories while inscribing them in the language and specificities of each era.
