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This fourth edition of Peter Bernath's successful Spectra of Atoms and Molecules is designed to provide advanced undergraduate and graduate students a working knowledge of the vast field of spectroscopy. Also of interest to chemists, physicists, astronomers, atmospheric scientists, and engineers, this volume emphasizes the fundamental principles of spectroscopy with the primary goal of teaching the interpretation of spectra. Features include a presentation of group theory as needed to understand spectroscopy, detailed worked examples and a large number of excellent problems at the end of each chapter. Bernath provides a large number of diagrams and spectra which have been specifically recorded for this book. Molecular symmetry, matrix representation of groups, quantum mechanics, and group theory are among the topics covered; atomic, rotational, vibrational, electronic and Raman spectra are analyzed as well. Bernath's treatment clears the confusing topic of line strengths as needed for quantitative applications. Responding to student requests, the fourth addition features detailed and worked examples in each chapter. This book has also been updated to include the 2018 CODATA revision of physical constants and a large number of corrections and clarifications. New chapters on atmospheric and astronomical spectroscopy have been added. Spectra of Atoms and Molecules demystifies spectroscopy by showing readers the intermediate steps in a derivation, as well as the final result.
List of contents
- Introduction
- 1.1 Waves, Particles, and Units
- 1.2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
- 1.3 Interaction of Radiation with Matter
- Molecular Symmetry
- 2.1 Symmetry Operations
- 2.2 Groups
- 2.3 Notation for Point Groups
- Matrix Representation of Groups
- 3.1 Vectors and Matrices
- 3.2 Symmetry Operations and Position Vector Basis
- 3.3 Symmetry Operators and Atomic Basis Vectors
- 3.4 Symmetry Operators and Basis Functions
- 3.5 Equivalent, Reducible, and Irreducible Representations
- 3.6 Great Orthogonality Theorem
- 3.7 Character Tables
- Quantum Mechanics and Group Theory
- 4.1 Matrix Representation of the Schrodinger Equation
- 4.2 Born-Oppenheimer Approximation
- 4.3 Symmetry of the Hamiltonian Operator
- 4.4 Projection Operators
- 4.5 Direct Product Representations
- 4.6 Integrals and Selection Rules
- Atomic Spectroscopy
- 5.1 Background
- 5.2 Angular Momentum
- 5.3 The Hydrogen Atom and One-Electron Spectra
- 5.4 Many-Electron Atoms
- 5.5 Selection Rules
- 5.6 Atomic Spectra
- 5.7 Intensity of Atomic Lines
- 5.8 Zeeman Effect
- 5.9 Stark Effect
- Rotational Spectroscopy
- 6.1 Rotation of Rigid Bodies
- 6.2 Diatomic and Linear Molecules
- 6.3 Rotational Line Intensities for Diatomic and Linear Molecules
- 6.4 Symmetric Tops
- 6.5 Asymmetric Tops
- 6.6 Structure Determination
- Vibrational Spectroscopy
- 7.1 Diatomic Molecules
- 7.2 Vibrational Motion of Polyatomic Molecules
- 7.3 Selection Rules for Vibrational Transitions
- 7.4 Vibrational Spectra of Polyatomic Linear Molecules
- 7.5 Vibrational Spectra of Symmetric Tops
- 7.6 Vibrational Spectra of Spherical Tops
- 7.7 Vibrational Spectra of Asymmetric Tops
- 7.8 Vibration-Rotation Line Intensities
- 7.9 Fermi and Coriolis Perturbations
- 7.10 Inversion Doubling and Fluxional Behavior
- Light Scattering and the Raman Effect
- 8.1 Background
- 8.2 Rotational Raman Effect
- 8.3 Vibration-Rotation Raman Spectroscopy
- 8.4 Rayleigh and Raman Intensities
- Electronic Spectroscopy of Diatomics
- 9.1 Orbitals and States
- 9.2 Vibrational Structure
- 9.3 Rotational Structure of Diatomic Molecules
- 9.4 The Symmetry of Diatomic Energy Levels: Parity
- 9.5 Rotational Line Intensities
- 9.6 Dissociation, Photodissociation, and Predissociation
- Electronic Spectroscopy of Polyatomics
- 10.1 Orbitals and States
- 10.2 Vibrational Structure of Electronic Transitions
- 10.3 Vibronic Coupling: The Herzberg-Teller Effect
- 10.4 Jahn-Teller Effect and Conical Intersections
- 10.5 Renner-Teller Effect
- 10.6 Nonradiative Transitions: Jablonski Diagram
- 10.7 Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- 10.8 Rotational Structure: H2CO and HCN
- 10.9 Intensity of Transitions
- Atmospheric Spectroscopy
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Atmospheric Spectra
- 11.3 Radiative Transfer
- 11.4 Forward and Inverse Models
- Astronomical Spectroscopy
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Interstellar Clouds
- 12.3 Stars and Brown Dwarfs
- 12.4 Planets, Exoplanets, and Moons
- Appendices:
- A. Units, Conversion, and Physical Constants
- B. Character Tables
- C. Direct Product Tables
- D. Itnroductory Textbooks
- Figure Acknowledgments
- Index
About the author
Peter F. Bernath is Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia.
Summary
This volume emphasizes the fundamental principles of spectroscopy and teaches students how to interpret spectra.
