Aerosol Technology - Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles

AEROSOL TECHNOLOGY
 
An in-depth and accessible treatment of aerosol theory and its applications
 
The Third Edition of Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles delivers a thorough and authoritative exploration of modern aerosol theory and its applications. The book offers readers a working knowledge of the topic that reflects the numerous advances that have been made across a broad spectrum of aerosol-related application areas. New updates to the popular text include treatments of nanoparticles, the health effects of atmospheric aerosols, remote sensing, bioaerosols, and low-cost sensors. Additionally, readers will benefit from insightful new discussions of modern instruments.
 
The authors maintain a strong focus on the fundamentals of the discipline, while providing a robust overview of real-world applications of aerosol theory. New exercise problems and examples populate the book, which also includes:
* Thorough introductions to aerosol technology, key definitions, particle size, shape, density, and concentration, as well as the properties of gases
* Comprehensive explorations of uniform particle motion, particle size statistics, and straight-line acceleration and curvilinear particle motion
* Practical discussions of particle adhesion, Brownian motion and diffusion, thermal and radiometric forces, and filtration
* In-depth examinations of sampling and measurement of concentration, respiratory deposition, coagulation, condensation, evaporation, and atmospheric aerosols
 
Perfect for senior undergraduate and junior graduate students of science and technology, Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in industrial hygiene, air pollution control, climate science, radiation protection, and environmental science.

List of contents

Preface to the First Edition xi
 
Preface to the Second Edition xiii
 
Preface to the Third Edition xv
 
List of Principal Symbols xvii
 
1 Introduction 1
 
1.1 Definitions 2
 
1.2 Particle Size, Shape, and Density 5
 
1.3 Aerosol Concentration 8
 
Problems 11
 
References 12
 
2 Properties of Gases 15
 
2.1 Kinetic Theory of Gases 15
 
2.2 Molecular Velocity 18
 
2.3 Mean Free Path 20
 
2.4 Other Properties 21
 
2.5 Reynolds Number 24
 
2.6 Measurement of Velocity, Flow Rate, and Pressure 27
 
Problems 35
 
References 36
 
3 Uniform Particle Motion 37
 
3.1 Newton's Resistance Law 37
 
3.2 Stokes's Law 39
 
3.3 Settling Velocity and Mechanical Mobility 40
 
3.4 Slip Correction Factor 42
 
3.5 Nonspherical Particles 44
 
3.6 Aerodynamic Diameter 46
 
3.7 Settling at High Reynolds Numbers 47
 
3.8 Stirred Settling 54
 
3.9 Instruments that Rely on Settling Velocity 56
 
3.10 Appendix: Derivation of Stokes's Law 58
 
Problems 60
 
References 63
 
4 Particle Size Statistics 65
 
4.1 Properties of Size Distributions 65
 
4.2 Moment Averages 71
 
4.3 Moment Distributions 72
 
4.4 The Lognormal Distribution 77
 
4.5 Log-Probability Graphs 80
 
4.6 The Hatch-Choate Conversion Equations 84
 
4.7 Statistical Accuracy 88
 
4.8 Appendix 1: Distributions Applied to Particle Size 89
 
4.9 Appendix 2: Theoretical Basis for Aerosol Particle Size Distributions 90
 
4.10 Appendix 3: Derivation of the Hatch-Choate Equations 90
 
Problems 92
 
References 94
 
5 Straight-Line Acceleration and Curvilinear Particle Motion 97
 
5.1 Relaxation Time 97
 
5.2 Straight-Line Particle Acceleration 98
 
5.3 Stopping Distance 101
 
5.4 Curvilinear Motion and Stokes Number 104
 
5.5 Inertial Impaction 105
 
5.6 Cascade Impactors 110
 
5.7 Virtual Impactors 115
 
5.8 Time-of-Flight Instruments 117
 
Problems 119
 
References 120
 
6 Adhesion of Particles 121
 
6.1 Adhesive Forces 121
 
6.2 Detachment of Particles 123
 
6.3 Resuspension 124
 
6.4 Particle Bounce 126
 
Problems 127
 
References 127
 
7 Brownian Motion and Diffusion 129
 
7.1 Diffusion Coefficient 129
 
7.2 Particle Mean Free Path 132
 
7.3 Brownian Displacement 134
 
7.4 Deposition by Diffusion 137
 
7.5 Diffusion Batteries 141
 
Problems 144
 
References 145
 
8 Thermal and Radiometric Forces 147
 
8.1 Thermophoresis 147
 
8.2 Thermal Precipitators 151
 
8.3 Radiometric and Concentration Gradient Forces 153
 
Problems 155
 
References 155
 
9 Filtration 157
 
9.1 Macroscopic Properties of Filters 157
 
9.2 Single-Fiber Efficiency 163
 
9.3 Deposition Mechanisms 165
 
9.4 Filter Efficiency 169
 
9.5 Pressure Drop 174
 
9.6 Membrane Filters 174
 
Problems 176
 
References 176
 
10 Sampling and Measurement of Concentration 179
 
10.1 Isokinetic Sampling 179
 
10.2 Sampling from Still Air 185
 
10.3 Transport Losses 188
 
10.4 Measurement of Mass Concentration 189
 
10.5 Direct-Reading Instruments 192
 
10.6 Measurement of Number Concentration 195
 
10.7 Sampling Pumps 197
 
Problems

About the author

William C. Hinds, ScD, was Emeritus Professor in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health. His research studied aerosols and industrial control of airborne contaminants. Yifang Zhu, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health. Her research focus is on air pollution, environmental exposure assessment, and aerosol science and technology.

Summary

AEROSOL TECHNOLOGY

An in-depth and accessible treatment of aerosol theory and its applications

The Third Edition of Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles delivers a thorough and authoritative exploration of modern aerosol theory and its applications. The book offers readers a working knowledge of the topic that reflects the numerous advances that have been made across a broad spectrum of aerosol-related application areas. New updates to the popular text include treatments of nanoparticles, the health effects of atmospheric aerosols, remote sensing, bioaerosols, and low-cost sensors. Additionally, readers will benefit from insightful new discussions of modern instruments.

The authors maintain a strong focus on the fundamentals of the discipline, while providing a robust overview of real-world applications of aerosol theory. New exercise problems and examples populate the book, which also includes:
* Thorough introductions to aerosol technology, key definitions, particle size, shape, density, and concentration, as well as the properties of gases
* Comprehensive explorations of uniform particle motion, particle size statistics, and straight-line acceleration and curvilinear particle motion
* Practical discussions of particle adhesion, Brownian motion and diffusion, thermal and radiometric forces, and filtration
* In-depth examinations of sampling and measurement of concentration, respiratory deposition, coagulation, condensation, evaporation, and atmospheric aerosols

Perfect for senior undergraduate and junior graduate students of science and technology, Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in industrial hygiene, air pollution control, climate science, radiation protection, and environmental science.

Product details

• Authors: W Hinds, William C Hinds, William C. Hinds, William C. (Ucla Hinds, William C. Zhu Hinds, Hinds William C., Yifang Zhu
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.12.2020
• EAN: 9781119494041
• ISBN: 978-1-119-49404-1
• No. of pages: 448
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Chemistry; Non-fiction book > Nature, technology > Natural science; Chemie, Umweltforschung, Geowissenschaften, Umweltwissenschaften, Environmental Studies, chemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Science, Chemical and Environmental Health and Safety, Arbeitssicherheit u. Umweltschutz i. d. Chemie, Atmospheric Physics & Chemistry, Physik u. Chemie der Atmosphäre, Aerosol