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Parliamentarism has been a presiding characteristic of the Turkish political tradition since the 1876 Ottoman constitution. In 1923, with the founding of the Turkish Republic, modern parliamentarism was implemented in Turkey. Since that time, Turkish politics has been turbulent, with four military coups, a number of short-lived multiparty coalitions, and several ineffective governments. Many scholars have argued that the main reason for this instability is the parliamentary system of government, so Turkey must therefore adopt a presidential system.
Presidentialism in Turkey uses both quantitative analysis and country-based comparisons to explore whether such a change might solve Turkey's main political problems or if it might in fact create more problems for the nation. The relationship between government systems and political, economic, and social development is explored in a time-series analysis covering the period 1975-2014 for Turkey. It is argued that during this time period, the parliamentary system was better than the presidential system at boosting economic and political development, whereas the presidential system provides better social development. Furthermore, a country-based analysis in which Turkey is compared with other states that have used a presidential system at some point since 1975 highlights that each country has its own specific characteristics that affect its economic and political success. Thus, a regime transformation to a presidential system will not necessarily improve Turkey's economic, political, and social development.
By including a comparison of all presidential, parliamentary, and semi-presidential systems, this book helps to shed new light on what is a very controversial topic in Turkey. It will therefore be a key resource for students and scholars of Turkish studies and comparative politics.
List of contents
1 Introduction 2 The Structure of the Modern Turkish Republic 3 Is the Party Structure of Turkey Applicable to a Presidential System? 4 The Impacts of Form of Government Formation on Political, Economic and Social Development 5 Conclusion Appendix
About the author
Serap Gur is currently an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Political Science at Northern Illinois University. Her research interests include comparative politics (political institutions), international relations (Middle East, women-democracy) and Turkish politics.
Summary
A transformation from parliamentarism to presidentialism has been an important topic in Turkey since 1980s, but the current government (Justice and Development Party, AKP) is serious about its plans to change to a presidential system from a parliamentary system and has begun making some arrangements for this transformation, including changes reg
