Electrical Connectors - Design, Manufacture, Test, and Selection

Discover the foundations and nuances of electrical connectors in this comprehensive and insightful resource
 
Electrical Connectors: Design, Manufacture, Test, and Selection delivers a comprehensive discussion of electrical connectors, from the components and materials that comprise them to their classifications and underwater, power, and high-speed signal applications. Accomplished engineer and author Michael G. Pecht offers readers a thorough explanation of the key performance and reliability concerns and trade-offs involved in electrical connector selection.
 
Readers, both at introductory and advanced levels, will discover the latest industry standards for performance, reliability, and safety assurance. The book discusses everything a student or practicing engineer might require to design, manufacture, or select a connector for any targeted application. The science of contact physics, contact finishes, housing materials, and the full connector assembly process are all discussed at length, as are test methods, performance, and guidelines for various applications.
 
Electrical Connectors covers a wide variety of other relevant and current topics, like:
* A comprehensive description of all electrical connectors, including their materials, components, applications, and classifications
* A discussion of the design and manufacture of all parts of a connector
* Application-specific criteria for contact resistance, signal quality, and temperature rise
* An examination of key suppliers, materials used, and the different types of data provided
* A presentation of guidelines for end-users involved in connector selection and design
 
Perfect for connector manufacturers who select, design, and assemble connectors for their products or the end users who concern themselves with operational reliability of the system in which they're installed, Electrical Connectors also belongs on the bookshelves of students learning the basics of electrical contacts and those who seek a general reference with best-practice advice on how to choose and test connectors for targeted applications.

List of contents

About the Editors xiii
 
List of Contributors xv
 
Preface xvii
 
1 What Is an Electrical Connector? 1
Michael G. Pecht and San Kyeong
 
1.1 Challenges of Separable Connectors 1
 
1.2 Components of a Connector 2
 
1.2.1 Contact Springs 2
 
1.2.2 Contact Finishes 3
 
1.2.2.1 Noble Metal Contact Finishes 4
 
1.2.2.2 Non-noble Metal Contact Finishes 4
 
1.2.3 Connector Housing 4
 
1.2.4 Contact Interface 5
 
1.3 Connector Types 6
 
1.3.1 Board-to-Board Connectors 7
 
1.3.2 Wire/Cable-to-Wire/Cable Connectors 8
 
1.3.3 Wire/Cable-to-Board Connectors 10
 
1.4 Connector Terminology 11
 
References 14
 
2 Connector Housing 17
Michael G. Pecht
 
2.1 Mechanical Properties 17
 
2.2 Electrical Properties 19
 
2.3 Flammability 21
 
2.4 Temperature Rating 22
 
2.5 Housing Materials 23
 
2.5.1 Thermoplastic Polymers 25
 
2.5.1.1 Polyesters 25
 
2.5.1.2 Polyimides, Polyamide-imides, and Polyetherimides 26
 
2.5.1.3 Polyphenylene Sulfides 26
 
2.5.1.4 Polyether Ether Ketones 26
 
2.5.1.5 Liquid-Crystalline Polymers 27
 
2.5.1.6 Comparison ofThermoplastic Polymers 27
 
2.5.2 Thermosetting Polymers 27
 
2.5.3 Additives to Housing Materials 29
 
2.5.4 Manufacturing of Housing Materials 29
 
References 30
 
3 Contact Spring 31
Michael G. Pecht
 
3.1 Copper Alloys 31
 
3.1.1 Unified Number System (UNS) 31
 
3.1.2 Properties of Copper Alloys 33
 
3.2 Nickel Alloys 37
 
3.3 Conductive Elastomers 37
 
3.4 Contact Manufacturing 38
 
References 41
 
4 Contact Plating 43
Michael G. Pecht
 
4.1 Noble Metal Plating 43
 
4.1.1 Gold 44
 
4.1.2 Palladium 46
 
4.1.3 Combination of Gold and Palladium 47
 
4.2 Non-noble Metal Plating 47
 
4.2.1 Silver 48
 
4.2.1.1 Characteristics of Silver as a Contact Finish 49
 
4.2.1.2 Potential Tarnish-Accelerating Factors 50
 
4.2.1.3 Use of Silver in Typical Connectors 53
 
4.2.1.4 Managing Silver Corrosion 54
 
4.2.2 Silver-Palladium Alloys 55
 
4.2.3 Nanocrystalline Silver Alloys 55
 
4.2.4 Silver-Bismuth Alloys 57
 
4.2.5 Tin 57
 
4.2.6 Nickel Contact Finishes 59
 
4.3 Underplating 59
 
4.4 Plating Process 60
 
4.4.1 Electrolytic Plating 61
 
4.4.1.1 Rack Plating 61
 
4.4.1.2 Barrel Plating 61
 
4.4.2 Electroless Plating 62
 
4.4.3 Cladding 63
 
4.4.4 Hot Dipping 63
 
References 63
 
5 Insertion and Extraction Forces 67
Michael G. Pecht
 
5.1 Insertion and Extraction Forces 67
 
5.2 Contact Retention 70
 
5.3 Contact Force and Deflection 70
 
5.4 Contact Wipe 71
 
References 73
 
6 Contact Interface 75
Michael G. Pecht and San Kyeong
 
6.1 Constriction Resistance 76
 
6.2 Contact Resistance 77
 
6.3 Other Factors Affecting Contact Resistance 79
 
6.4 Current Rating 81
 
6.5 Capacitance and Inductance 82
 
6.6 Bandpass and Bandwidth 86
 
References 87
 
7 The Back-End Connection 89
Chien-Ming Huang, San Kyeong and Michael G. Pecht
 
7.1 Soldered Connection 89
 
7.2 Press-Fit Connection 93
 
7.3 Crimping Connection 95
 
7.4 Insulation Displacement Connection 98
 
References 98
 
8 Loads and Failure Mechanisms 103
San Kyeong, Lovlesh Kaushik and Mic

About the author

SAN KYEONG is a staff engineer at the R&D headquarters of Samsung Electro-Mechanics Company, currently working as a Research Scientist with the Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE), University of Maryland, USA. He received a BE degree and PhD in chemical and biological engineering from the Seoul National University of Seoul, South Korea, in 2010 and 2016, respectively. He has expertise in material engineering for passive electronic components. MICHAEL G. PECHT, PHD, is Chair Professor and Director of the Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE) at the University of Maryland, USA. He received his PhD in Engineering Mechanics from the University of Wisconsin at Madison, USA. He is an IEEE, ASME, SAE, and IMAPS Fellow.

Summary

Discover the foundations and nuances of electrical connectors in this comprehensive and insightful resource

Electrical Connectors: Design, Manufacture, Test, and Selection delivers a comprehensive discussion of electrical connectors, from the components and materials that comprise them to their classifications and underwater, power, and high-speed signal applications. Accomplished engineer and author Michael G. Pecht offers readers a thorough explanation of the key performance and reliability concerns and trade-offs involved in electrical connector selection.

Readers, both at introductory and advanced levels, will discover the latest industry standards for performance, reliability, and safety assurance. The book discusses everything a student or practicing engineer might require to design, manufacture, or select a connector for any targeted application. The science of contact physics, contact finishes, housing materials, and the full connector assembly process are all discussed at length, as are test methods, performance, and guidelines for various applications.

Electrical Connectors covers a wide variety of other relevant and current topics, like:
* A comprehensive description of all electrical connectors, including their materials, components, applications, and classifications
* A discussion of the design and manufacture of all parts of a connector
* Application-specific criteria for contact resistance, signal quality, and temperature rise
* An examination of key suppliers, materials used, and the different types of data provided
* A presentation of guidelines for end-users involved in connector selection and design

Perfect for connector manufacturers who select, design, and assemble connectors for their products or the end users who concern themselves with operational reliability of the system in which they're installed, Electrical Connectors also belongs on the bookshelves of students learning the basics of electrical contacts and those who seek a general reference with best-practice advice on how to choose and test connectors for targeted applications.

Product details

• Authors: S Kyeong, San Kyeong, San (University of Maryland Kyeong, San Pecht Kyeong, Michael G. Pecht, Seoul Na
• Assisted by: G Pecht (Editor), G Pecht (Editor), Sa Kyeong (Editor), San Kyeong (Editor), Michael G Pecht (Editor), Michael G. Pecht (Editor), Pecht Michael G. (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.10.2020
• EAN: 9781119679769
• ISBN: 978-1-119-67976-9
• No. of pages: 384
• Series: Wiley - IEEE; IEEE Press
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Electronics, electrical engineering, communications engineering; Elektrotechnik, Elektronikbauteile, Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Elektrotechnik u. Elektronik, Components & Devices, Komponenten u. Bauelemente, Komponentenfertigung, Component Manufacturing, Electronic Packaging