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In view of their promising biological and pharmaceutical activities, natural product inspired and heterocyclic compounds have recently gained a reputation in the field of medicinal chemistry. Over the past decades, intensive research efforts have been ongoing to understand the synthesis, biochemistry and engineering involved in their preparation and action mechanisms.
Several novel natural product derivatives, heterocyclic and other synthetic compounds, have been reported to have shown interesting biological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycemic, anti-allergy and antiviral etc.
Chemistry of Biologically Potent Natural Products and Synthetic Compounds provides up-to-date information on new developments and most recent medicinal applications of the natural products and derivatives, as well as the chemistry and synthesis of heterocyclic and other related compounds.
List of contents
Preface xiii
1 Medicinal Importance of Plant Metabolites 1
Sunita Panchawat and Chetna Ameta
1.1 Introductory Note 1
1.2 Primary and Secondary Metabolites 3
1.3 Functional Roles of Secondary Metabolites 3
1.4 Source and Production of Secondary Metabolites 4
1.5 Classification of Secondary Metabolic Substances 7
1.5.1 Terpenes 8
1.5.2 Phenol-Based Compounds 9
1.5.3 Nitrogen-Containing Secondary Metabolites 10
1.5.3.1 Alkaloids 10
1.5.4 Secondary Metabolites Having Sulfur 11
1.6 Bioactivity of Secondary Metabolites 12
1.6.1 As Antioxidants 12
1.6.2 As Antimicrobials 13
1.6.3 As Anti-Diabetics Agents 13
1.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 14
References 14
2 Advances in Natural Products-Based Antiviral Agents 21
Zhipeng Fu, Luis Menéndez-Arias, Xinyong Liu and Peng Zhan
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Anti-HIV Agents 22
2.2.1 Terpenes 23
2.2.2 Phenylpropanoids 24
2.2.3 Anthraquinones 25
2.2.4 Alkaloids 26
2.3 Natural Alkaloids With Activity Against HBV and HCV Infections 26
2.4 Anti-Influenza Virus Agents 28
2.5 Natural Products Active Against Herpesviruses 30
2.6 Natural Products Against Chikungunya Virus 31
2.7 Natural Products Targeting Dengue Virus 32
2.8 Natural Products Targeting Coronaviruses 33
2.9 Natural Products Against Other Viral Infections 36
2.10 Conclusion 37
Acknowledgements 37
References 37
3 Bioactive Component of Black Pepper-Piperine: Structure-Activity Relationship and Its Broad-Spectrum Activity--An Overview 43
Arthi Sivashanmugam and Sivan Velmathi
List of Abbreviations 44
3.1 Introduction: What is a Natural Product? 44
3.2 Black Pepper 48
3.2.1 Constituents of Black Pepper 51
3.2.2 Major Alkaloids of Black Pepper 51
3.3 Piperine--Active Molecule of Pepper 52
3.3.1 Isolation of Piperine 52
3.3.2 Piperine as Potential Drug 54
3.3.2.1 Metabolism of Piperine 54
3.3.2.2 Structure-Activity Relationship 55
3.3.2.3 Piperine and Piperine Analogs 59
3.3.2.4 Synergistic Activity of Piperine 72
3.4 Overall Summary and Conclusion 88
References 89
4 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Pharmacologically Active Compounds Containing Chiral 1,2-Amino Alcohol Moiety 93
Pankaj Gupta and Neha Mahajan
4.1 Introduction 94
4.1.1 Chirality 94
4.1.2 Biocatalysis 96
4.1.2.1 Biocatalysis is Green and Sustainable 97
4.1.2.2 Industrial Applications of Biocatalysts 98
4.1.3 Vicinal Amino Alcohols 99
4.2 Synthetic Approaches Toward 1,2-Amino Alcohols 102
4.2.1 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of L-Norephedrine 102
4.2.2 Synthesis of Valinol 106
4.2.3 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Atazanavir 107
4.2.4 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Levamisole 107
4.2.5 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Optically Active (R)- and (S)-Aryloxypropanolamines 108
4.2.6 Chemoenzymatic Preparation of Trans-(1R,2R)-and Cis (1S,2R)-1-Amino-2-Indanol 112
4.2.7 Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 2-Aminopentane-1,3-Diol and 2-Amino-1,3,4-Butanetriol (ABT) 113
4.2.8 Synthesis of Optically Active Cytoxazone 115
4.2.9 Chemoenzymatic and Highly Integrated Synthesis of (S)-Tembamide 116
4.2.10 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Paclitaxel C13 Side Chain 117
4.3 Conclusion 118
Acknowledgements 119
References
About the author
Shahid-ul-Islam is currently working as Principal Project Scientist at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. He worked as DST-SERB National Postdoctoral Fellow at Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, from 2017 to 2019. Then he joined same Institute as Principal Project Scientist where he works on natural products and chemistry of metal based natural dyes using advanced technologies. He has to his credit several research publications, patents and books including several with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.
J. A. Banday is associate professor and head, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology (NIT) Srinagar, J&K, India. Dr. Banday has published a number of research papers in journals of international repute. He has produced and is supervising many M. Phil and Ph.D students. His research areas include isolation, modification & bio-evaluation of natural products, synthetic organic chemistry and medicinal importance of essential oils.
