Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye Sensitized - Solar Cell

Offers an Interdisciplinary approach to the engineering of functional materials for efficient solar cell technology
 
Written by a collection of experts in the field of solar cell technology, this book focuses on the engineering of a variety of functional materials for improving photoanode efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The first two chapters describe operation principles of DSSC, charge transfer dynamics, as well as challenges and solutions for improving DSSCs. The remaining chapters focus on interfacial engineering of functional materials at the photoanode surface to create greater output efficiency.
 
Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells begins by introducing readers to the history, configuration, components, and working principles of DSSC It then goes on to cover both nanoarchitectures and light scattering materials as photoanode. Function of compact (blocking) layer in the photoanode and of TiCl4 post-treatment in the photoanode are examined at next. Next two chapters look at photoanode function of doped semiconductors and binary semiconductor metal oxides. Other chapters consider nanocomposites, namely, plasmonic nanocomposites, carbon nanotube based nanocomposites, graphene based nanocomposites, and graphite carbon nitride based nanocompositesas photoanodes. The book:
* Provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals through the applications of DSSC
* Encompasses topics on various functional materials for DSSC technology
* Focuses on the novel design and application of materials in DSSC, to develop more efficient renewable energy sources
* Is useful for material scientists, engineers, physicists, and chemists interested in functional materials for the design of efficient solar cells
 
Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells will be of great benefit to graduate students, researchers and engineers, who work in the multi-disciplinary areas of material science, engineering, physics, and chemistry.

List of contents

List of Contributors xi
 
Preface xv
 
1 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: History, Components, Configuration, and Working Principle 1
S.N. Karthick, K.V. Hemalatha, Suresh Kannan Balasingam, F. Manik Clinton, S. Akshaya, and Hee-Je Kim
 
1.1 Introduction 1
 
1.2 History of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells 3
 
1.3 Components of DSSCs 4
 
1.3.1 Conductive Glass Substrate 4
 
1.3.2 Photoanode 4
 
1.3.3 Counter Electrode 4
 
1.3.4 Electrolytes 6
 
1.3.4.1 Types of Solvents Used in Electrolytes 6
 
1.3.4.2 Alternative Redox Mediators 7
 
1.3.5 Dyes 8
 
1.4 Configuration of DSSCs 8
 
1.4.1 Metal Substrates for Photoanode and Glass/TCO for Counter Electrode 8
 
1.4.2 Metal Substrates for Counter Electrode and Glass/TCO for Photoanode 10
 
1.4.3 Metal Substrate for Photoanode and Polymer Substrate for Counter Electrode 10
 
1.4.4 Polymer Substrates for Flexible DSSCs 10
 
1.4.5 Glass/TCO-Free Metal Substrates for Flexible DSSCs 11
 
1.4.6 Glass/TCO-Free Metal Wire Substrates for Flexible DSSCs 11
 
1.5 Working Principle of DSSCs 11
 
1.5.1 Electron Transfer Mechanism in DSSCs 14
 
1.5.2 Photoelectric Performance 14
 
Acknowledgments 15
 
References 15
 
2 Function of Photoanode: Charge Transfer Dynamics, Challenges, and Alternative Strategies 17
A. Dennyson Savariraj and R.V. Mangalaraja
 
2.1 Introduction 17
 
2.2 The General Composition of DSSC 18
 
2.3 Selection of Substrate for DSSCs 18
 
2.4 Photoanode 19
 
2.4.1 Coating Procedure 20
 
2.4.2 Significance of Using Mesoporous Structure 20
 
2.5 Sensitizer 20
 
2.6 Charge Transfer Mechanism 21
 
2.7 Interfaces 21
 
2.8 Significance of Dye/Metal Oxide Interface 22
 
2.9 Factors That Influence Efficiency in DSSC 23
 
2.9.1 Dye Aggregation 23
 
2.9.2 Effect of Metal Oxide on the Performance of Metal Oxide/Dye Interface 24
 
2.9.3 Role of Electronic Structure of Metal Oxides 25
 
2.10 Kinetics of Operation in DSSCs 26
 
2.11 Strategies to Improve the Photoanode Performance 28
 
2.11.1 TiCl4 Treatment 28
 
2.11.2 Composites 28
 
2.11.3 Light Scattering 29
 
2.11.4 Nanoarchitectures 29
 
2.11.5 Doping 30
 
2.11.6 Interfacial Engineering 30
 
2.12 Conclusion 30
 
Acknowledgments 31
 
References 31
 
3 Nanoarchitectures as Photoanodes 35
Hari Murthy
 
3.1 Introduction 35
 
3.2 DSSC Operation 36
 
3.3 Nanoarchitectures for Improved Device Performance of Photoanodes 39
 
3.3.1 TiO2 39
 
3.3.2 ZnO 51
 
3.3.3 SnO2 53
 
3.3.4 Nb2O5 55
 
3.3.5 Graphene 55
 
3.3.6 Other Photoanode Materials 56
 
3.4 Future Outlook and Challenges 65
 
3.5 Conclusion 66
 
References 66
 
4 Light Scattering Materials as Photoanodes 79
Rajkumar C and A. Arulraj
 
4.1 Introduction 79
 
4.2 Introduction to Light Scattering 79
 
4.3 Materials for Light Scattering in DSSCs 80
 
4.4 Early Theoretical Predictions of Light Scattering in DSSCs 82
 
4.5 Different Light Scattering Materials 85
 
4.5.1 Mixing of Large Particles into Small Particles 85
 
4.5.2 Voids as Light Scatters 87
 
4.5.3 Nano-Composites for Light Scattering 87
 
4.5.3.1 Nanowire-Nanoparticle Composite 87
 
4.5.3.2 Nanofiber-Nanoparticle Composite 87
 
4.5.3.3 SrTiO3 Nanocubes-ZnO Nanoparticle Composite 88
 
4.5.3.4 Silica Nanosphere-Zn

About the author

ALAGARSAMY PANDIKUMAR, PHD, is Scientist at CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, India. His research includes development of novel materials involving graphene, graphitic carbon nitrides, and transition metal chalcogenides in combination with metals, metal oxides, polymers and carbon nanotubes for applications in photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells and electrochemical sensor. KANDASAMY JOTHIVENKATACHALAM, PHD, is Professor of Chemistry at Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli, India. His research interests include photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, photoelectrocatalysis, and chemically modified electrodes. KARUPPANAPILLAI B. BHOJANAA, MSc, is DST-INSPIRE Research Fellow at Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, India.

Summary

Offers an Interdisciplinary approach to the engineering of functional materials for efficient solar cell technology

Written by a collection of experts in the field of solar cell technology, this book focuses on the engineering of a variety of functional materials for improving photoanode efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The first two chapters describe operation principles of DSSC, charge transfer dynamics, as well as challenges and solutions for improving DSSCs. The remaining chapters focus on interfacial engineering of functional materials at the photoanode surface to create greater output efficiency.

Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells begins by introducing readers to the history, configuration, components, and working principles of DSSC It then goes on to cover both nanoarchitectures and light scattering materials as photoanode. Function of compact (blocking) layer in the photoanode and of TiCl4 post-treatment in the photoanode are examined at next. Next two chapters look at photoanode function of doped semiconductors and binary semiconductor metal oxides. Other chapters consider nanocomposites, namely, plasmonic nanocomposites, carbon nanotube based nanocomposites, graphene based nanocomposites, and graphite carbon nitride based nanocompositesas photoanodes. The book:
* Provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals through the applications of DSSC
* Encompasses topics on various functional materials for DSSC technology
* Focuses on the novel design and application of materials in DSSC, to develop more efficient renewable energy sources
* Is useful for material scientists, engineers, physicists, and chemists interested in functional materials for the design of efficient solar cells

Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells will be of great benefit to graduate students, researchers and engineers, who work in the multi-disciplinary areas of material science, engineering, physics, and chemistry.

Product details

• Authors: Karuppanapillai B. Bhojanaa, Kandasa Jothivenkatachalam, Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam, a Pandikumar, Alagarsam Pandikumar, Alagarsamy Pandikumar, Alagarsamy Jothivenkatachalam Pandikumar
• Assisted by: Karuppan B Bhojanaa (Editor), Karuppanapillai B. Bhojanaa (Editor), Kandasam Jothivenkatachalam (Editor), Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam (Editor), Alagarsamy Pandikumar (Editor), Pandikumar Alagarsamy (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.12.2019
• EAN: 9781119557333
• ISBN: 978-1-119-55733-3
• No. of pages: 288
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Physics, astronomy > Atomic physics, nuclear physics; Physik, Energie, Optik, Solarenergie, ENERGY, Physics, Materialwissenschaften, Materials science, Solarenergie u. Photovoltaik, Solar Energy & Photovoltaics, Materials for Energy Systems, Materialien f. Energiesysteme, Optik u. Photonik, Optics & Photonics