Future Propulsion Systems and Energy Sources in Sustainable Aviation

A comprehensive review of the science and engineering behind future propulsion systems and energy sources in sustainable aviation
 
Future Propulsion Systems and Energy Sources in Sustainable Aviation is a comprehensive reference that offers a review of the science and engineering principles that underpin the concepts of propulsion systems and energy sources in sustainable air transportation. The author ? a noted expert in the field ? examines the impact of air transportation on the environment and reviews alternative jet fuels, hybrid-electric and nuclear propulsion and power. He also explores modern propulsion for transonic and supersonic-hypersonic aircraft and the impact of propulsion on aircraft design.
 
Climate change is the main driver for the new technology development in sustainable air transportation. The book contains critical review of gas turbine propulsion and aircraft aerodynamics; followed by an insightful presentation of the aviation impact on environment. Future fuels and energy sources are introduced in a separate chapter. Promising technologies in propulsion and energy sources are identified leading to pathways to sustainable aviation. To facilitate the utility of the subject, the book is accompanied by a website that contains illustrations, and equation files. This important book:
* Contains a comprehensive reference to the science and engineering behind propulsion and power in sustainable air transportation
* Examines the impact of air transportation on the environment
* Covers alternative jet fuels and hybrid-electric propulsion and power
* Discusses modern propulsion for transonic, supersonic and hypersonic aircraft
* Examines the impact of propulsion system integration on aircraft design
 
Written for engineers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in mechanical and aerospace engineering, Future Propulsion Systems and Energy Sources in Sustainable Aviation explores the future of aviation with a guide to sustainable air transportation that includes alternative jet fuels, hybrid-electric propulsion, all-electric and nuclear propulsion.

List of contents

Preface xiii
 
Acknowledgments xvii
 
Abbreviations and Acronyms xix
 
About the Companion Website xxvii
 
1 Aircraft Engines - A Review 1
 
1.1 Introduction 1
 
1.2 Aerothermodynamics of Working Fluid 1
 
1.2.1 Isentropic Process and Isentropic Flow 6
 
1.2.2 Conservation of Mass 6
 
1.2.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum 7
 
1.2.4 Conservation of Angular Momentum 7
 
1.2.5 Conservation of Energy 8
 
1.2.6 Speed of Sound and Mach Number 10
 
1.2.7 Stagnation State 11
 
1.3 Thrust and Specific Fuel Consumption 12
 
1.3.1 Takeoff Thrust 16
 
1.3.2 Installed Thrust - Some Bookkeeping Issues on Thrust and Drag 16
 
1.3.3 Air-Breathing Engine Performance Parameters 18
 
1.3.3.1 Specific Thrust 18
 
1.3.3.2 Specific Fuel Consumption and Specific Impulse 19
 
1.4 Thermal and Propulsive Efficiency 20
 
1.4.1 Thermal Efficiency 20
 
1.4.2 Propulsive Efficiency 22
 
1.4.3 Engine Overall Efficiency and Its Impact on Aircraft Range and Endurance 24
 
1.5 Gas Generator 27
 
1.6 Engine Components 28
 
1.6.1 The Inlet 28
 
1.6.2 The Nozzle 30
 
1.6.3 The Compressor 36
 
1.6.4 The Combustor 40
 
1.6.5 The Turbine 44
 
1.7 Performance Evaluation of a Turbojet Engine 52
 
1.8 Turbojet Engine with an Afterburner 54
 
1.8.1 Introduction 54
 
1.8.2 Analysis 56
 
1.9 Turbofan Engine 59
 
1.9.1 Introduction 59
 
1.9.2 Analysis of a Separate-Exhaust Turbofan Engine 60
 
1.9.3 Thermal Efficiency of a Turbofan Engine 64
 
1.9.4 Propulsive Efficiency of a Turbofan Engine 65
 
1.9.5 Ultra-High Bypass (UHB) Geared Turbofan Engines 69
 
1.9.6 Analysis of Mixed-Exhaust Turbofan Engines with Afterburners 73
 
1.9.6.1 Mixer 74
 
1.9.6.2 Mixed-Turbofan Cycle Analysis 76
 
1.9.6.3 Solution Procedure 77
 
1.10 Turboprop Engine 84
 
1.10.1 Introduction 84
 
1.10.2 Turboprop Cycle Analysis 85
 
1.10.2.1 The New Parameters 85
 
1.10.2.2 Design-Point Analysis 86
 
1.10.2.3 Optimum Power Split between the Propeller and the Jet 90
 
1.10.2.4 Advanced Propeller: Prop-Fan 94
 
1.11 High-Speed Air-Breathing Engines 95
 
1.11.1 Supersonic Combustion Ramjet 99
 
1.11.1.1 Inlet Analysis 99
 
1.11.1.2 Scramjet Combustor 101
 
1.11.1.3 Scramjet Nozzle 103
 
1.12 Rocket-Based Airbreathing Propulsion 103
 
1.13 Summary 104
 
References 105
 
2 Aircraft Aerodynamics - A Review 109
 
2.1 Introduction 109
 
2.2 Similarity Parameters in Compressible Flow: Flight vs. Wind Tunnel 111
 
2.3 Physical Boundary Conditions on a Solid Wall (in Continuum Mechanics) 113
 
2.4 Profile and Parasite Drag 115
 
2.4.1 Boundary Layers 115
 
2.4.1.1 Case 1: Incompressible Laminar Flow 116
 
2.4.1.2 Case 2: Laminar Compressible Boundary Layers 125
 
2.4.1.3 Case 3: Turbulent Boundary Layers 129
 
2.4.1.4 Case 4: Transition 132
 
2.4.2 Profile Drag of an Airfoil 135
 
2.5 Drag Due to Lift 141
 
2.5.1 Classical Theory 141
 
2.5.2 Optimal Spanloading: The Case of Bell Spanload 147
 
2.6 Waves in Supersonic Flow 150
 
2.6.1 Speed of Sound 150
 
2.6.2 Normal Shock Wave 152
 
2.6.3 Oblique Shock Waves 152
 
2.6.4 Expansion Waves 155
 
2.7 Compressibility Effects and Critical Mach Number 157
 
2.8 Drag Divergence Phenomenon and Supercritical A

About the author

Saeed Farokhi is a Chancellor's Club Distinguished Teaching Professor and Professor in the Aerospace Engineering department at the University of Kansas, USA. His main areas of research are propulsion systems, flow control, airdata sensors, renewable energy (wind turbines) and computational fluid dynamics.

Summary

A comprehensive review of the science and engineering behind future propulsion systems and energy sources in sustainable aviation

Future Propulsion Systems and Energy Sources in Sustainable Aviation is a comprehensive reference that offers a review of the science and engineering principles that underpin the concepts of propulsion systems and energy sources in sustainable air transportation. The author ? a noted expert in the field ? examines the impact of air transportation on the environment and reviews alternative jet fuels, hybrid-electric and nuclear propulsion and power. He also explores modern propulsion for transonic and supersonic-hypersonic aircraft and the impact of propulsion on aircraft design.

Climate change is the main driver for the new technology development in sustainable air transportation. The book contains critical review of gas turbine propulsion and aircraft aerodynamics; followed by an insightful presentation of the aviation impact on environment. Future fuels and energy sources are introduced in a separate chapter. Promising technologies in propulsion and energy sources are identified leading to pathways to sustainable aviation. To facilitate the utility of the subject, the book is accompanied by a website that contains illustrations, and equation files. This important book:
* Contains a comprehensive reference to the science and engineering behind propulsion and power in sustainable air transportation
* Examines the impact of air transportation on the environment
* Covers alternative jet fuels and hybrid-electric propulsion and power
* Discusses modern propulsion for transonic, supersonic and hypersonic aircraft
* Examines the impact of propulsion system integration on aircraft design

Written for engineers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in mechanical and aerospace engineering, Future Propulsion Systems and Energy Sources in Sustainable Aviation explores the future of aviation with a guide to sustainable air transportation that includes alternative jet fuels, hybrid-electric propulsion, all-electric and nuclear propulsion.

Product details

• Authors: S Farokhi, Saeed Farokhi, Saeed (University of Kansas) Farokhi, Farokhi Saeed
• Assisted by: Belobaba Peter (Editor of the series), Cooper Jonathan (Editor of the series), Seabridge Allan (Editor of the series)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.12.2019
• EAN: 9781119414995
• ISBN: 978-1-119-41499-5
• No. of pages: 448
• Series: Aerospace Series (PEP); Aerospace Series; Aerospace; Aerospace Series (PEP)
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Mechanical engineering, production engineering; Maschinenbau, Energie, Luftfahrttechnik, ENERGY, Umweltbelastung, Antriebstechnik, Mechanical Engineering, Elektrische Energietechnik, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Aeronautic & Aerospace Engineering, Luft- u. Raumfahrttechnik, Electric Power Systems, Environmental Impact