Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation

A comprehensive volume on photocatalytic functional materials for environmental remediation
 
As the need for removing large amounts of pollution and contamination in air, soil, and water grows, emerging technologies in the field of environmental remediation are of increasing importance. The use of photocatalysis--a green technology with enormous potential to resolve the issues related to environmental pollution--breaks down toxic organic compounds to mineralized products such as carbon dioxide and water. Due to their high performance, ease of fabrication, long-term stability, and low manufacturing costs, photofunctional materials constructed from nanocomposite materials hold great potential for environmental remediation.
 
Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation examines the development of high performance photofunctional materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants.
 
This timely volume assembles and reviews a broad range of ideas from leading experts in fields of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, materials science, and engineering. Precise, up-to-date chapters cover both the fundamentals and applications of photocatalytic functional materials. Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, polymer nanocomposites, and other photofunctional materials are examined in applications such as carbon dioxide reduction and organic pollutant degradation. Providing interdisciplinary focus to green technology materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants, this important work:
* Provides comprehensive coverage of various photocatalytic materials for environmental remediation useful for researchers and developers
* Encompasses both fundamental concepts and applied technology in the field
* Focuses on novel design and application of photocatalytic materials used for the removal of environmental contaminates and pollution
* Offers in-depth examination of highly topical green-technology solutions
* Presents an interdisciplinary approach to environmental remediation
 
Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation is a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the multi-disciplinary areas of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, environmental science, materials science, and engineering related to photocatalytic environmental remediation.

List of contents

List of Contributors xi
 
Preface xv
 
1 Titanium Dioxide and Carbon Nanomaterials for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes 1
Nagamalai Vasimalai
 
Abbreviations 1
 
1.1 Introduction 2
 
1.1.1 Impact of Dye Effluents on the Environment and Health 3
 
1.2 Principles and Mechanism of Photocatalysis 6
 
1.2.1 Direct Photocatalytic Pathways 7
 
1.2.1.1 The Langmuir-Hinshel Wood Process 8
 
1.2.1.2 The Eley-Rideal Process 8
 
1.2.2 Indirect Photocatalytic Mechanisms 8
 
1.3 Importance of Titanium Dioxide 9
 
1.3.1 Rutile 10
 
1.3.2 Anatase 10
 
1.3.3 Brookite 10
 
1.4 Titanium Dioxide for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes 11
 
1.4.1 Approaches Enhance the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 12
 
1.4.2 Metal and Multi-Atom Doped TiO2 13
 
1.5 Carbon Nanomaterials for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes 15
 
1.5.1 Activated Carbon 16
 
1.5.2 Graphite 17
 
1.5.3 Graphene 19
 
1.5.4 Carbon Nanotubes and Fullerenes 20
 
1.5.5 Carbon Black 21
 
1.5.6 Carbon Nanofibers 22
 
1.5.7 Carbon Quantum Dots 22
 
1.5.8 Mesoporous Carbon 24
 
1.6 Conclusion and Trends 26
 
References 27
 
2 Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Environmental Pollutants Using Metal Oxide Semiconductors 41
 
S. Thangaraj Nishanthi
 
2.1 Introduction 41
 
2.2 Photocatalysis 42
 
2.3 Mechanism and Fundamentals of Photocatalytic Reactions 42
 
2.4 Synthesis of Different Photocatalysts 44
 
2.4.1 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Methods 45
 
2.4.2 Electrodeposition 46
 
2.4.3 Chemical Bath Deposition 46
 
2.4.4 Sol-Gel Process 47
 
2.4.5 Chemical Precipitation 47
 
2.5 Factors Affecting Photocatalytic Degradation 47
 
2.5.1 Catalyst Loading 47
 
2.5.2 pH of the Solution 48
 
2.5.3 Size and Structure of the Photocatalyst 49
 
2.5.4 Reaction Temperature 49
 
2.5.5 Concentration and Nature of Pollutants 49
 
2.5.6 Inorganic Ions 50
 
2.6 Metal Oxide Semiconductors 50
 
2.7 Ternary/Quaternary Oxides 54
 
2.8 Composites Semiconductors 55
 
2.9 Sensitization 56
 
2.10 Conclusions 57
 
References 57
 
3 Contemporary Achievements of Visible Light-Driven Nanocatalysts for the Environmental Applications 69
 
Panneerselvam Sathishkumar, Nalenthiran Pugazhenthiran, Ramalinga V. Mangalaraja, Kiros Guesh, David Contreras, and Sambandam Anandan
 
3.1 Introduction 69
 
3.1.1 Langmuir-Hinshelwood Approach 71
 
3.1.2 The Eley-Rideal Approach 71
 
3.1.3 Indirect Photocatalytic Approach 72
 
3.2 Types of Photocatalytic Reactor Models 73
 
3.3 Modification of Semiconductor Nanoparticles 90
 
3.3.1 Metal Nanoparticles 90
 
3.3.2 Non-Metal Deposition 91
 
3.4 Emerging Photocatalysts 95
 
3.4.1 Perovskite Photocatalysts 95
 
3.4.2 C3N4-Supported Photocatalysts 96
 
3.5 Mechanisms of Photocatalysis 99
 
3.6 Conclusion 116
 
References 121
 
4 Application of Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Removal of Dye Contaminants 131
 
Sivaraman Somasundaram, Pitchaimani Veerakumar, King-Chuen Lin, and Vignesh Kumaravel
 
4.1 Nanocomposites and Applications 131
 
4.2 Dyes: Introduction, Classification, and Impacts on the Environment 131
 
4.3 Strategies of Dye Contaminant Removal 133
 
4.4 Photodegradation and the Removal of Dyes Using Nanocomposites 134
 
4.4.1 Zeol

About the author

DR. ALAGARSAMY PANDIKUMAR is Scientist at CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, India. His current research involves development of novel materials with graphene, graphitic carbon nitrides, transition metal chalcogenides in combination with metals, metal oxides, polymers and carbon nanotubes for photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells, and electrochemical sensor applications. DR. KANDASAMY JOTHIVENKATACHALAM is Professor of Chemistry at Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli, India. His research interests are photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, photoelectrocatalysis, and chemically modified electrodes.

Summary

A comprehensive volume on photocatalytic functional materials for environmental remediation

As the need for removing large amounts of pollution and contamination in air, soil, and water grows, emerging technologies in the field of environmental remediation are of increasing importance. The use of photocatalysis--a green technology with enormous potential to resolve the issues related to environmental pollution--breaks down toxic organic compounds to mineralized products such as carbon dioxide and water. Due to their high performance, ease of fabrication, long-term stability, and low manufacturing costs, photofunctional materials constructed from nanocomposite materials hold great potential for environmental remediation.

Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation examines the development of high performance photofunctional materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants.

This timely volume assembles and reviews a broad range of ideas from leading experts in fields of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, materials science, and engineering. Precise, up-to-date chapters cover both the fundamentals and applications of photocatalytic functional materials. Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, polymer nanocomposites, and other photofunctional materials are examined in applications such as carbon dioxide reduction and organic pollutant degradation. Providing interdisciplinary focus to green technology materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants, this important work:
* Provides comprehensive coverage of various photocatalytic materials for environmental remediation useful for researchers and developers
* Encompasses both fundamental concepts and applied technology in the field
* Focuses on novel design and application of photocatalytic materials used for the removal of environmental contaminates and pollution
* Offers in-depth examination of highly topical green-technology solutions
* Presents an interdisciplinary approach to environmental remediation

Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation is a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the multi-disciplinary areas of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, environmental science, materials science, and engineering related to photocatalytic environmental remediation.

Product details

• Authors: Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam, Kandasamy Pandikumar Jothivenkatachalam, a Pandikumar, Alagarsamy Pandikumar, Alagarsamy Jothivenkatachalam Pandikumar
• Assisted by: Jothivenkatachalam (Editor), Jothivenkatachalam (Editor), Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam (Editor), Alagarsam Pandikumar (Editor), Alagarsamy Pandikumar (Editor), Pandikumar Alagarsamy (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.08.2019
• EAN: 9781119529842
• ISBN: 978-1-119-52984-2
• No. of pages: 400
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Chemistry; Chemie, Physik, Umweltschutz, Nanotechnologie, chemistry, Physics, Photochemistry, Nanotechnology, Environmental Physics, Photochemie, Photokatalyse, Umweltphysik, Umweltschutz u. Sicherheit i. d. Nanotechnologie, Environmental and Safety Aspects of Nanotechnology