The Jungle - Calais's Camps and Migrants

For nearly two decades, the area surrounding the French port of Calais has been a temporary staging post for thousands of migrants and refugees hoping to cross the Channel to Britain. It achieved global attention when, at the height of the migrant crisis in 2015, all those living there were transferred to a single camp that became known as 'the Jungle'. Until its dismantling in October 2016, this precarious site, intended to make its inhabitants as invisible as possible, was instead the focal point of international concern about the plight of migrants and refugees.
 
This new book is the first full account of life inside the Jungle and its relation to the global migration crisis. Anthropologist Michel Agier and his colleagues use the particular circumstances of the Jungle, localized in space and time, to analyse broader changes under way in our societies, both locally and globally. They examine the architecture of the camp, reconstruct how everyday life and routine operated and analyse the mixed reactions to the Jungle, from hostile government policies to movements of solidarity.
 
This comprehensive account of the life and death of Europe's most infamous camp for migrants and refugees demonstrates that, far from being an isolated case, the Jungle of Calais brings into sharp relief the issues that confront us all today, in a world where the large-scale movement of people has become, and is likely to remain, a central feature of social and political life.

List of contents

Illustrations vii
 
Introduction for a better understanding 1
 
A longer history of the Jungle 2
 
Europe and the migration question 4
 
Calais as metonym for European crisis ... and solidarity 7
 
1 Movement to and fro the Calais region from 1986 to 2016 14
 
1986-1997 the indifference of the French authorities 15
 
1997-1999 a growing attention 16
 
1999-2000 the Sangatte moment 18
 
2002 British control at the port of Calais 20
 
The long years of eviction 21
 
2009 'The closing of the Calais Jungle' a new media sequence 24
 
The network of voluntary organizations 27
 
A brief ray of light 30
 
The rise of the far right 33
 
September 2014 onward concentrate, disperse, control 37
 
2 From Sangatte to Calais inhabiting the 'Jungles' 46
 
Sangatte, 1999-2002 46
 
March 2015 Jungles, camps, squats 49
 
April 2015 to October 2016 the Jungle or 'the art of building towns' 60
 
3 A sociology of the Jungle everyday life in a precarious space 76
 
Society under precarious conditions 76
 
Settling in the shantytown 81
 
Economic and social life 84
 
Making a community 91
 
4 A Jungle of solidarities 94
 
Calais as a cosmopolitan crossroads of solidarities 94
 
The situation in other encampments 103
 
Mobilization networks from local to national 109
 
5 Destruction, dispersal, returns 116
 
'The biggest shantytown in Europe' 116
 
The sheltering operation as spectacle 122
 
Dispersal 126
 
After the demolition returns and rejections 130
 
Conclusion the Calais event 134
 
The camp as hypertrophy of the border 135
 
Cosmopolitics of the Jungle 138
 
Postscript how this book was written 144
 
The authors 145
 
Notes 149
 
Index 158

About the author

MICHEL AGIER is Senior Researcher at the French Institute of Research for Development (IRD) and Professor at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), Paris.

Summary

For nearly two decades, the area surrounding the French port of Calais has been a temporary staging post for thousands of migrants and refugees hoping to cross the Channel to Britain. It achieved global attention when, at the height of the migrant crisis in 2015, all those living there were transferred to a single camp that became known as 'the Jungle'. Until its dismantling in October 2016, this precarious site, intended to make its inhabitants as invisible as possible, was instead the focal point of international concern about the plight of migrants and refugees.

This new book is the first full account of life inside the Jungle and its relation to the global migration crisis. Anthropologist Michel Agier and his colleagues use the particular circumstances of the Jungle, localized in space and time, to analyse broader changes under way in our societies, both locally and globally. They examine the architecture of the camp, reconstruct how everyday life and routine operated and analyse the mixed reactions to the Jungle, from hostile government policies to movements of solidarity.

This comprehensive account of the life and death of Europe's most infamous camp for migrants and refugees demonstrates that, far from being an isolated case, the Jungle of Calais brings into sharp relief the issues that confront us all today, in a world where the large-scale movement of people has become, and is likely to remain, a central feature of social and political life.

Report

'In this detailed depiction of life in "the Jungle", Michel Agier and colleagues offer a powerful, poetic argument about the power and value of place. Taking seriously the lives of those in the camp, this work is a much-needed recognition of their experience and an acknowledgement of their humanity.'
Michael Collyer, University of Sussex
 
'In this work, Michel Agier brings his formidable intellect to bear on how we should understand the Calais "Jungle". The result is a notable contribution to contemporary discussions of mobility, solidarity, precarity and, most importantly, how we think about Europe itself.'
Matthew J. Gibney, University of Oxford

Product details

• Authors: M Agier, Michel Agier, Agier Michel
• Publisher: Polity Press
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 31.10.2018
• EAN: 9781509530618
• ISBN: 978-1-5095-3061-8
• No. of pages: 200
• Dimensions: 140 mm x 215 mm x 15 mm
• Subjects: Non-fiction book; Social sciences, law, business > Sociology > Sociological theories; Anthropologie, Flüchtling, Flüchtlingslager, Pas-de-Calais, Anthropology, Anthropology of Diaspora, Forced Migration & Refugeeism, Anthropologie / Diaspora, Migrationsforschung, Flüchtlinge, Refugee crisis; migrants; displacement