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The difference among pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and unipotent stem cells is pointed out. Vast therapeutic applications of the following specific stem cells in disease and tissue injury are discussed: human embryonic stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, germ cell-derived pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells, breast tumor stem cells,and hematopoietic stem cells. Because of the potential of human embryonic stem cells to produce unlimited quantities of any human cell type, considerable focus is placed on their therapeutic potential. Because of their pluripotency, these cells have been used in various applications such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, pharmacological and toxicological studies, and fundamental studies of cell differentiation. The formation of embryoid bodies, which are three-dimensional aggregates of embryonic stem cells, is explained as this is the first step in cell differentiation. Such embryoid body culture has been widely used as a trigger for the in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells. The basic capacity of self-renewal of human embryogenic stem cells is explained. The role of TGF-beta in the propagation of human embryonic stem cells is discussed. The differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neurons, hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and retinal cells is fully explained. Donor policies for hematopoietic stem cells are also explained.
List of contents
I Embryonic stem cells.-1 Propagation of human embryonic stem cell: role of tgf beta.-2 Self-renewal of embryonic stem cells: cell cycle regulation.-3 Gene expression and epigenetic signatures of germ cell-derived pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells.-4 Human embryonic stem cell bank : implication of human leukocyte antigens and abo blood group antigens for cell transplantation.-5 Differentiation of embryonic stem cells into glutamatergic neurons (methods).-6 Differentiation of embryonic stem cells into endoderm-derived hepatocytes.-7 Differentiation of embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes: role of ouabain.-8 Function of myc for generation of induced pluripotent stem cells masato nakagawa and shinya yamanaka.-9 Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into retinal cells.-10 Derivation and invasive function of trophoblast from human pluripotent stem cells. II Mesenchymal stem cells.-11 Differences between germ-line stem cells and multipotent adult germ-line stem cells role of micrornas.-12 Molecular and signaling pathways that modulate mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal.-13 The biology and regenerative potential of stem cells and their mesenchymal progeny.-14 Mesenchymal stem cells: clinical applications (an overview).-15 Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of cancer.-16 Treatment of neurodegenerative pathologies using undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells.-17 Utility of mesenchymal stem cell therapry in type 1 diabetes.-18 Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into adipocyte lineage: role of cytoskeleton-associated proteins.-19 Epithelial-mesenchymal transitionand metastasis: role of dicer expression.-20 Mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.-21 Adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells: supported by b-type carbonated hydroxylapatite.-22 Immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stem cells on microglia.-23 Senescence of human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells: role of histone deacetylase inhibition through regulating micrornas.-24 Stem cells in the skin.III. Hematopoietic stem cells.-25 Donor policies for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.-26 Mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells in patients with multiple myeloma utilizing granulocyte growth factor combined with plerixafor.-27 Role of stem cells in the pathogenesis of copd and pulmonary emphysema.-28 Migration of stem cells - role of the rhoa / rock i pathway (method).-29 Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells: response to chemotherapy.-30 Regulation of stem cells by the endocannabinoid system.-31 Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: allogeneic stem cell transplantation.-32 Peripheral blood monocytes can be induced to acquire stem cell-like properties.-33 Somatic cell reprogramming: role of homeodomain protein nanog.-34 Inhibition of breast tumor stem cells expansion by the endogenous cell fate determination factor dachshund.-35 Parkinson's disease and stem cells.-36 Therapeutic applications of induced pluripotent stem cells in parkinson's disease.-37 Modeling neurodegenerative diseases using pluripotent stem cells. Index.
Summary
The difference among pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and unipotent stem cells is pointed out. Vast therapeutic applications of the following specific stem cells in disease and tissue injury are discussed: human embryonic stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, germ cell-derived pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells, breast tumor stem cells,and hematopoietic stem cells. Because of the potential of human embryonic stem cells to produce unlimited quantities of any human cell type, considerable focus is placed on their therapeutic potential. Because of their pluripotency, these cells have been used in various applications such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, pharmacological and toxicological studies, and fundamental studies of cell differentiation. The formation of embryoid bodies, which are three-dimensional aggregates of embryonic stem cells, is explained as this is the first step in cell differentiation. Such embryoid body culture has been widely used as a trigger for the in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells. The basic capacity of self-renewal of human embryogenic stem cells is explained. The role of TGF-beta in the propagation of human embryonic stem cells is discussed. The differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neurons, hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and retinal cells is fully explained. Donor policies for hematopoietic stem cells are also explained.
