Iptv Delivery Networks - Next Generation Architectures for Live and Video-On-Demand Services

A guide to the current technologies related to the delivery process for both live and on-demand services within IPTV delivery networks
 
IPTV Delivery Networks is an important resource thatoffers an in-depth discussion to the IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) delivery networks for both live and on demand IPTV services.This important book also includes a review of the issues and challenges surrounding the delivery of IPTV over various emerging networking and communications technologies.
 
The authors -- an international team of experts -- introduce a framework for delivery network applicable for live and video-on-demand services. They review the fundamental issues of IPTV delivery networks and explore the QoS (Quality of Service) issue for IPTV delivery networks that highlights the questions of security and anomaly detection as related to quality. IPTV Delivery Networks also contains a discussion of the mobility issues and next-generation delivery networks. This guide captures the latest available and usable technologies in the field and:
* Explores the technologies related to delivery process for both live (real time) and on demand services in highly accessible terms
* Includes information on the history, current state and future of IPTV delivery
* Reviews all the aspects of delivery networks including storage management, resource allocation, broadcasting, video compression, QoS and QoE
* Contains information on current applications including Netflix (video on demand), BBC iPlayer (time-shifted IPTV) and live (real time) streaming
 
Written for both researchers and industrial experts in the field of IPTV delivery networks. IPTV Delivery Networks is a groundbreaking book that includes the most current information available on live and on demand IPTV services.

List of contents

List of Contributors xvii 
Editor Biographies xxi 
Preface xxiii 
Acknowledgement xxvii 
Part I IPTV Delivery Networks Fundamentals 1 
1 IPTV: Delivering TV Services over IP Networks 3 
Suliman Mohamed Fati and Putra Sumari 
1.1 Overview 3 
1.2 Internet Protocol Television 4 
1.3 Evolution of TV to IPTV 6 
1.3.1 IPTV Services 7 
1.3.2 IPTV Standardisation 8 
1.3.3 General Architecture of IPTV 9 
1.4 IPTV Delivery Network 10 
1.5 Evolution of the Delivery Network 11 
1.5.1 IPTV Delivery Network Characteristics and Challenges 15 
1.6 The Key Issues of IPTV Delivery Networks 17 
1.7 Conclusion 18 
References 19 
2 IPTV Streaming Classification 25 
Miguel Masciopinto, Pedro Comesaña, and Fernando Pérez-González 
2.1 Introduction 25 
2.2 Framework 29 
2.2.1 IPTV Description 30 
2.2.2 IPTV Bitrate Footprint 32 
2.3 Classification Scheme 33 
2.3.1 SVM Classifier 36 
2.4 Experimental Setup 36 
2.4.1 Database Construction 37 
2.4.2 Training/Test Set-Partitioning 38 
2.4.3 Classification Performance Measures 41 
2.5 Experimental Results 44 
2.5.1 TSS vs. OFS Classification 45 
2.5.2 TSS Ternary (DVD vs. DVB-S vs. DVB-T) Classification 47 
2.5.3 TSS Binary (DVB-S vs. DVB-T) Classification 50 
2.5.4 OFS Binary (DVB-S vs. DVB-T) Classification 53 
2.5.5 Relevance of the Used Statistics 55 
2.6 Conclusions 59 
Acknowledgement 60 
References 60 
3 Efficient IPTV Delivery over EPON 65 
AliAkbar Nikoukar, I-Shyan Hwang, and Andrew Tanny Liem 
3.1 Introduction 65 
3.2 Broadband Access Network Technologies 67 
3.3 Live IPTV Delivery over EPON 76 
3.3.1 Hardware Architecture 78 
3.3.2 Multicast Protocol Design 80 
3.3.3 Pre-request Broadcasting Mechanism 81 
3.3.4 Performance evaluation 85 
3.4 Conclusions 88 
References 88 
4 Content Awareness in IPTV Delivery Networks 93 
Suliman Mohamed Fati and Putra Sumari 
4.1 Introduction 93 
4.2 The Key Challenges in IPTV Delivery Networks 97 
4.2.1 Request Distribution Algorithms in IPTV Delivery Networks 97 
4.2.2 Cost Reduction in IPTV Delivery Networks 102 
4.2.2.1 Replica Placement Schemes in IPTV Delivery Networks 103 
4.2.2.2 Resource Allocation Schemes in IPTV Delivery Networks 105 
4.3 Content Status Issue in IPTV Delivery Networks 108 
4.3.1 Unawareness of Content Status in Replica Placement Schemes 109 
4.3.2 Unawareness of Content Status in Request Distribution Algorithms 110 
4.3.3 Unawareness of Content Status in Resource Allocation 110 
4.4 IPTV Content Status Modelling: A New Direction 111 
4.4.1 IPTV Content Status Modelling 112 
4.4.2 Experimental Results 114 
4.5 Conclusion 118 
References 119 
Part II QoS and QoE for IPTV Delivery Networks 127 
5 Zapping Delay Reduction in IPTV Systems 129 
Alireza Abdollahpouri 
5.1 Introduction 129 
5.2 A Review of the Existing Studies 131 
5.2.1 Reduce I-Frame Acquisition Delay 131 
5.2.1.1 Use Additional Stream 131 
5.2.1.2 Inserting Extra I-Frames and Reduction in the Size of Gop 132 
5.2.2 Prediction-Based Mechanisms 133 
5.2.3 Techniques Based on Scalable Video Coding 134 
5.2.4 Techniques Based on IGMP Schemes 134 
5.3 Prediction-Based Prejoining Method in WiMAX Networks 136 
5.3.1 Modelling the Behaviour of a Single IPTV User, During an ON Session 137 
5.4 Performance Evaluation 142 
5.5 Future Directions for Research 146 
5.6 Conclusion 147 
References 147 
6 Channel-Zapping Time in IPTV: Challenges and Solutions 151 
Sajjad Zare, Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Verki, and Akbar Ghaffarpour Rahbar 
6.1 Introduction 151 
6.1.1 IPTV Network Infrastructure 151 
6.1.1.1 Basic IPTV System 152 
6.1.1.2 IP Multicast in IPTV Architecture 153 
6.1.1.3 P2P IPTV Architecture 153 
6.1.2 Business Models 154 
6.1.2.1 Free to Air (FTA) 154 
6.1.2.2 Ppv 155 
6.1.2.3 Subscription 155 
6.1.2.4 A La Carte 155 
6.2 Challenges in Channel-Zapping Time 155 
6.2.1 Jitter 156 
6.2.2 Limited Bandwidth 156 
6.2.3 Elements of Zapping Delay 156 
6.3 Proposed Methods for Reducing Channel-Zapping Time 158 
6.3.1 Client-Based Methods 158 
6.3.1.1 Pre-Joining Neighbouring Channels 158 
6.3.1.2 Tracking User Behaviour 159 
6.3.1.3 Ordering Pre-Join Channels in the List 161 
6.3.2 Content-Based Methods 163 
6.3.3 Network-Based Methods 167 
6.3.3.1 Improving Zap Response Time for IPTV 169 
6.3.3.2 A Novel Channel Switching Scenario in Multicast IPTV Networks 169 
6.3.3.3 IGMP for IPTV Services in Passive Optical Networks 170 
6.3.3.4 Implementation of EIGMP for Fast IPTV Channel Change in GEPON 171 
6.3.3.5 Advanced Scheme to Reduce IPTV Channel-Zapping Time 172 
6.3.4 Hybrid Methods 172 
6.3.4.1 An Effective IPTV Channel Control Algorithm Considering Channel-Zapping Time and Network Utilisation 172 
6.3.4.2 Multicast Instant Channel Change (ICC) in IPTV Systems 174 
6.3.4.3 IPTV Channel Switching Delay Reduction Through Predicting Subscribers' Behaviours and Preferences 175 
6.3.5 Programme-Based Methods 176 
6.4 Discussion 177 
6.5 Summary 180 
References 180 
7 Delivering High-Definition IPTV Services over IP-Based Networks 185 
Seongik Hong 
7.1 Introduction 185 
7.2 HD Video Compression 188 
7.2.1 Issues for HD Video Transmission 188 
7.2.1.1 Issue 1: Large Bandwidth Requirements 188 
7.2.1.2 Issue 2: QoS 189 
7.2.1.3 Issue 3: Network Responsiveness/Instant Channel Change 189 
7.2.2 Solutions 190 
7.2.2.1 Solution 1: Solving Large Bandwidth Requirements 190 
7.2.2.2 Solution 2-1: QoS: Protocols and Networks 192 
7.2.2.3 Solution 2-2: QoS: Reducing Packet Loss 194 
7.2.2.4 Solution 3: Solving Instant Channel Change Issue 197 
7.3 Future Trends 198 
7.4 Conclusion 199 
References 199 
8 IPTV Network Security: Threats and Countermeasures 203 
M. S. A. Noman Ranak, Saiful Azad, B. M. F. Kamal Ruhee, N. Nourin Nisa, Nazrul Kabir, Mohammed Mostafizur Rahman, and Kamal Z. Zamli 
8.1 Introduction 203 
8.2 Threats on IPTV Delivery Networks 204 
8.2.1 Theft or Abuse of Network Assets 206 
8.2.2 Theft of Service 206 
8.2.3 Theft of IPTV-Related Data 208 
8.2.4 Disruption of Service 208 
8.2.5 Privacy Breach 209 
8.2.6 Compromise of Platform Integrity 209 
8.3 Security Issues of IPTV Delivery Networks 209 
8.3.1 Protocols Vulnerabilities 214 
8.3.1.1 Igmp 215 
8.3.1.2 Pim 215 
8.3.1.3 Mbgp 216 
8.3.1.4 Msdp 217 
8.3.1.5 RTP and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) 218 
8.4 Countering the Threats 219 
8.5 Open Research Issues 221 
8.6 Conclusions 222 
References 222 
9 Anomaly Detection and Big Data in IPTV Networks 225 
Mohiuddin Ahmed and Md. Niaz-Ul Haque 
9.1 Introduction 225 
9.1.1 Chapter Roadmap 227 
9.2 Complex Data in IPTV Networks 228 
9.3 Anomaly in the Context of IPTV Networks 229 
9.3.1 Hhh 230 
9.3.2 Succinct Hierarchical Heavy Hitter (SHHH) 231 
9.3.3 Time Series 231 
9.3.4 Definition of Anomaly 231 
9.4 A Case Study of Anomaly Detection Technique in IPTV Networks 232 
9.4.1 Limitations of Anomaly Detection in IPTV Networks 233 
9.4.2 Experimental Data 234 
9.4.3 Experimental Analysis 235 
9.5 Future Research Directions: Big Data 235 
9.5.1 Three Vs of Big Data 235 
9.5.2 Big Data in the IPTV Industry 237 
9.5.3 The Challenges Associated with Big Data in IPTV 239 
9.5.4 Contributions of IPTV Service Providers in the Realm of Big Data 241 
9.6 Conclusions 242 
References 243 
Part III Mobility and Next-Generation Delivery Networks 245 
10 Taxonomy of Intra-Domain Mobility Management Schemes in Wireless Mesh Network for Implementing Mobile IPTV 247 
Abhishek Majumder, Subhrajyoti Deb, and Sudipta Roy 
10.1 Introduction 247 
10.2 Classification 250 
10.2.1 Tunnelling-Based Schemes 251 
10.2.1.1 Ant 251 
10.2.1.2 Mesh Mobility Management (M 3) 253 
10.2.1.3 Static Anchor Scheme 255 
10.2.1.4 Dynamic Anchor Scheme 256 
10.2.1.5 SMR-Based Scheme 257 
10.2.2 Routing-Based Schemes 258 
10.2.2.1 Infrastructure Mesh (iMesh) 258 
10.2.2.2 OLSR-FastSync 259 
10.2.2.3 Ad Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector and Mesh and MEsh Networks with MObility Management (aodv-memo) 260 
10.2.2.4 Mobile Party 263 
10.2.2.5 Wireless Mesh Mobility Management (WMM) 264 
10.2.2.6 LMMesh 265 
10.2.2.7 Forward Pointer-Based Routing (FPBR) 266 
10.2.3 Multicasting-Based Scheme 267 
10.2.3.1 SMesh 267 
10.3 Advantages and Disadvantages 268 
10.4 Open Research Issues 279 
10.5 Conclusion 280 
Acknowledgement 280 
References 280 
11 Towards Multi-Operator IPTV Services Over 5G Networks 283 
Gergely Biczók, Manos Dramitinos, Håkon Lønsethagen, Luis M. Contreras, George D. Stamoulis, and Laszlo Toka 
11.1 Introduction 283 
11.2 Single-Provider IPTV Services 284 
11.2.1 Customer-Centric Challenges and Technical Issues 285 
11.2.2 Business Issues and Challenges 288 
11.2.3 Operators' Solutions and Architecture 290 
11.3 IPX Multi-Service Internetworking 293 
11.4 Multi-Operator IPTV Services in 5G Networks 294 
11.4.1 Technical Issues and Challenges 295 
11.4.1.1 SDN and NFV Exploitation 295 
11.4.1.2 Lack of QoS Assurance - SLAs 296 
11.4.1.3 Lack of Monitoring and SLA-Based Rewards 297 
11.4.1.4 Wholesale and Retail Market Coordination 297 
11.4.1.5 Pricing and Charging Layers 299 
11.4.2 Business Issues and Challenges 300 
11.4.2.1 Generic Issues and Challenges 300 
11.4.2.2 IPTV Distribution of 'Small/Medium' Live Events 302 
11.4.2.3 User-Generated Content 303 
11.4.3 Solutions and Architecture: The 5GEx Approach 304 
11.4.3.1 5GEx Exchange: An Open Multi-Service Internetworking Approach 304 
11.4.3.2 Roadmap and Coordination Models 307 
11.4.3.3 Pricing and Charging Solutions 308 
11.5 Future Research 310 
11.6 Conclusions 311 
Acknowledgement 312 
References 312 
12 Technologies and Architectures for Future IP Television Services 315 
Lucile Sassatelli and Marie-José Montpetit 
12.1 Introduction 315 
12.2 The Evolution of Users' Experience: Usage, Expectations and Reluctances 316 
12.2.1 Broadcast Versus OTT: Towards a Spurious Opposition 316 
12.2.2 The Multi-Screen Multi-Device Anywhere Experience 317 
12.2.3 Business Experiences and Inevitable Evolution for the Stakeholders 319 
12.3 Architectural Evolution of IPTV: Towards a Smart Meld with OTT 320 
12.3.1 The Main Overhauls of IPTV: HTML5, Cloudification, Software-Defined Video 320 
12.3.2 Legacy IPTV Extending its Reach by Inspiring OTT Evolution: Multicast, Caching, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) 323 
12.3.3 Coordinating the OTT delivery entities to enforce IPTV-like quality of experience: Collaboration between ISPs, CDNs and CPs 329 
12.4 Technical focus 331 
12.4.1 P2P assistance to CDNs, caching and ICN 332 
12.4.2 The Wireless Video Challenge: In-Home WiFi and Offloading of Cellular Networks 335 
12.4.3 VR: The greatest technological challenge ahead? 337 
References 338 
Contributor Biographies 345 
Index 357

About the author

SULIMAN MOHAMED FATI, PHD, Senior Lecturer, INTI International University, Malaysia. SAIFUL AZAD, PHD, Assistant Professor, University Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia. AL-SAKIB KHAN PATHAN, PHD, Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Bangladesh.

Summary

A guide to the current technologies related to the delivery process for both live and on-demand services within IPTV delivery networks

IPTV Delivery Networks is an important resource thatoffers an in-depth discussion to the IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) delivery networks for both live and on demand IPTV services.This important book also includes a review of the issues and challenges surrounding the delivery of IPTV over various emerging networking and communications technologies.

The authors -- an international team of experts -- introduce a framework for delivery network applicable for live and video-on-demand services. They review the fundamental issues of IPTV delivery networks and explore the QoS (Quality of Service) issue for IPTV delivery networks that highlights the questions of security and anomaly detection as related to quality. IPTV Delivery Networks also contains a discussion of the mobility issues and next-generation delivery networks. This guide captures the latest available and usable technologies in the field and:
* Explores the technologies related to delivery process for both live (real time) and on demand services in highly accessible terms
* Includes information on the history, current state and future of IPTV delivery
* Reviews all the aspects of delivery networks including storage management, resource allocation, broadcasting, video compression, QoS and QoE
* Contains information on current applications including Netflix (video on demand), BBC iPlayer (time-shifted IPTV) and live (real time) streaming

Written for both researchers and industrial experts in the field of IPTV delivery networks. IPTV Delivery Networks is a groundbreaking book that includes the most current information available on live and on demand IPTV services.

Product details

• Authors: Saifu Azad, Saiful Azad, Sm Fati, Suliman Mohame Fati, Suliman Mohamed Fati, Suliman Mohamed Azad Fati, Al Khan Pathan, Al-Sakib Khan Pathan, Al-Sakib Khan Pathan
• Assisted by: Saifu Azad (Editor), Saiful Azad (Editor), Suliman Mohamed Fati (Editor), Al-Sakib Khan Pathan (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 30.06.2018
• EAN: 9781119397915
• ISBN: 978-1-119-39791-5
• No. of pages: 392
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Electronics, electrical engineering, communications engineering; Kommunikationsnetze, Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Elektrotechnik u. Elektronik, Communication Technology - Networks, Communication & Media Studies, Kommunikation u. Medienforschung, Kommunikationsnetz, Spezialthemen Kommunikation u. Medienforschung, Communication & Media Studies Special Topics, Audio-, Sprachverarbeitung u. Übertragung, Audio & Speech Processing & Broadcasting, IPTV, Videoübertragung