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Crystal growth and characterization is a vital and fundamental part in the field of surface physics, crystallography, material science and engineering. Crystals of good quality and perfection are required for practical devices such as detectors, transducers, solid state lasers, frequency converters, and for other millions and millions of applications. Thus, many new crystals must be grown in order to evaluate their device properties. The development of scientific instruments and analytical methods makes it possible to understand the optical, thermal, mechanical, and other properties of crystals. The technological development depends critically on the availability of suitable single crystals. The application of semiconductor based electronics creates a demand for high quality ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and optical single crystals. After the introduction of nonlinear optics, the nonlinear effects are used as scientific tools to investigate physical and chemical processes in atoms, molecules, crystals, thin films, and polymers that are promising for commercial device applications. The importance of NLO phenomena leads to the development of nonlinear optical materials.
About the author
L. Mariappan is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Physics at L.N. Government College, Chennai, position held since 2015. He started his career at Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman College of Engineering (February 1995 - June 2005), Velammal Engineering College (June 2005 - May 2012) and DMI College of Engineering (June 2012 - June 2015).
