Antisepsis, Disinfection, and Sterilization - Types, Action, and Resistance

Antisepsis, Disinfection, and Sterilization: Types, Action, and Resistance, by Gerald E. McDonnell, is a detailed and accessible presentation of the current methods of microbial control. Each major category, such as physical disinfection methods, is given a chapter, in which theory, spectrum of activity, advantages, disadvantages, and modes of action of the methods are thoroughly and clearly presented. Sufficient background on the life cycles and general anatomy of microorganisms is provided so that the reader who is new to microbiology will better appreciate how physical and chemical biocides work their magic on microbes. Other topics in the book include:
* Evaluating the efficacy of chemical antiseptics and disinfectants, and of physical methods of microbial control and sterilization.
* Understanding how to choose the proper biocidal product and process for specific applications.
* Classic physical and chemical disinfection methods, such as heat, cold, non-ionizing radiation, acids, oxidizing agents, and metals.
* Newer chemical disinfectants, including, isothiazolones, micro-and nano-particles, and bacteriophages as control agents.
* Antisepsis of skin and wounds and the biocides that can be used as antiseptics.
* Classic methods of physical sterilization, such as, moist heat and dry heat sterilization, ionizing radiation, and filtration, along with newer methods, including, the use of plasma or pulsed light.
* Chemical sterilization methods that use ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, or a variety of other oxidizing agents.
* A detailed look at the modes of action of biocides in controlling microbial growth and disrupting microbial physiology.
* Mechanisms that microorganisms use to resist the effects of biocides.
 
The second edition of Antisepsis, Disinfection, and Sterilization: Types, Action, and Resistance is well suited as a textbook and is outstanding as a reference book for facilities managers and application engineers in manufacturing plants, hospitals, and food production facilities. It is also essential for public health officials, healthcare professionals, and infection control practitioners.

List of contents

Chapter 1 Introduction
 
1.1 General introduction 1
 
1.2 Definitions 2
 
1.3 General microbiology 6
 
1.3.1 Introduction 6
 
1.3.2 Eukaryotes & prokaryotes 6
 
1.3.3 Eukaryotes 6
 
1.3.3.1 Multicellular eukaryotes 6
 
1.3.3.2 Fungi 8
 
1.3.3.3 Algae 13
 
1.3.3.4 Protozoa 13
 
1.3.4 Prokaryotes 14
 
1.3.4.1 Eubacteria 14
 
1.3.4.2 Archaea 26
 
1.3.5 Viruses 28
 
1.3.6 Prions 33
 
1.3.7 Toxins 34
 
1.4 General considerations 36
 
1.4.1 Microbial resistance 36
 
1.4.2 Evaluation of efficacy 38
 
1.4.2.1 Suspension testing 38
 
1.4.2.2 Surface testing 43
 
1.4.2.3 In-use testing 45
 
1.4.2.4 Biological, checmical, and other indicators 46
 
1.4.2.5 Parametric control 49
 
1.4.2.6 Microscopy and other techniques 49
 
1.4.3 Disinfection versus Sterilization 50
 
1.4.4 Choosing a process or product 52
 
1.4.5 Guidelines and standards 53
 
1.4.6 Formulation effects 53
 
1.4.7 Process effects 55
 
1.4.8 The importance of surface cleaning 57
 
1.4.9 Water quality 59
 
Chapter 2 Physical Disinfection
 
2.1 Introduction 61
 
2.2 Heat 61
 
2.2.1 Types 61
 
2.2.2 Applications 63
 
2.2.3 Spectrum of Activity 66
 
2.2.4 Advantages 67
 
2.2.5 Disadvantages 67
 
2.2.6 Mode of Action 68
 
2.3 Cold temperatures 68
 
2.4 Radiaton 68
 
2.4.1 Isotopes 68
 
2.4.2 Electromagnetic Radiation 69
 
2.4.3 Types 71
 
2.4.3.1 Ultraviolet 71
 
2.4.3.2 Infrared 72
 
2.4.3.3 Microwaves 72
 
2.4.4 Applications 73
 
2.4.4.1 UV 73
 
2.4.4.2 Infrared 74
 
2.4.4.3 Microwaves 74
 
2.4.5 Spectrum of Activity 74
 
2.4.5.1 UV 74
 
2.4.5.2 Infrared 75
 
2.4.5.3 Microwaves 75
 
2.4.6 Advantages 75
 
2.4.6.1 UV 76
 
2.4.6.2 Infrared 76
 
2.4.6.3 Microwaves 76
 
2.4.7 Disadvantages 76
 
2.4.7.1 UV 76
 
2.4.7.2 Infrared 76
 
2.4.7.3 Microwaves 76
 
2.4.8 Mode of Action 76
 
2.4.8.1 UV 76
 
2.4.8.2 Infrared 77
 
2.4.8.3 Microwaves 77
 
2.5 Filtration 77
 
2.5.1 Types and applications 77
 
2.5.2 Spectrum of activity 82
 
2.5.3 Advantages 84
 
2.5.4 Disadvantages 84
 
2.5.5 Mode of action 74
 
Chapter 3 Chemical Disinfection
 
3.1 Introduction 85
 
3.2 Acids and acid derivatives 85
 
3.2.1 Types 85
 
3.2.2 Applications 87
 
3.2.3 Spectrum of activity 88
 
3.2.4 Advantages 88
 
3.2.5 Disadvantages 88
 
3.2.6 Mode of action 89
 
3.3 Alkalis or bases 89
 
3.3.1 Types 89
 
3.3.2 Applications 90
 
3.3.3 Spectrum of activity 90
 
3.3.4 Advantages 90
 
3.3.5 Disadvantages 91
 
3.3.6 Mode of action 91
 
3.4 Aldehydes 91
 
3.4.1 Types 91
 
3.4.2 Applications 90
 
3.4.2.1 Glutaraldehyde and Opa 91
 
3.4.2.2 Formaldehyde 92
 
3.4.3 Spectrum of Activity 93
 
3.4.3.2 Formaldehyde 94
 
3.4.4 Advantages 94
 
3.4.2.1 Glutaraldehyde and Opa 94
 
3.4.2.2 Formaldehyde 94
 
3.4.5 Disadvantages 95
 
3.4.2.1 Glutaraldehyde and Opa 95
 
3.4.2.2 Formaldehyde 95
 
3.4.6 Mode of Action 95
 
3.4.2.1 Glutaraldehyde and Opa 95
 
3.4.2.2 Formaldehyde 97

About the author

Gerald E. McDonnell received a B.Sc. degree in medical laboratory sciences from the University of Ulster (1989) and a Ph.D. in microbial genetics at the Department of Genetics, Trinity College, University of Dublin (1992). His graduate work involved studies on the control of gene expression in Bacillus subtilis. He spent 3 years at the Mycobacterial Research Laboratories, Colorado State University, investigating the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and cell wall biosynthesis in mycobacteria. In 1995 he joined the St. Louis, Mo., operations of ConvaTec, a division of Bristol-Myers Squibb, as a group leader in microbiology in the research and development of skin care, hard surface disinfection, and cleaning chemistries. He worked for STERIS Corporation for 19 years in the USA and in Europe on the development, research, and support of infection and contamination prevention products and services in health care and industrial applications, with a particular focus on cleaning, antisepsis, disinfection, and sterilization. Dr. McDonnell is currently the senior director for sterility assurance for DePuySynthes, a Johnson & Johnson company, and a member of the Johnson & Johnson Sterility Assurance leadership team. He serves as the global technical leader in the areas of microbiology and contamination control including sterilization, aseptic technique, reprocessing, microbiology, and cleanliness requirements. His basic research interests include infection prevention, decontamination microbiology, emerging pathogens, and modes of action and resistance to biocides. His work also includes the development and implementation of international and national guidance and standards in cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. He has over 180 publications, 22 patents and is a frequent presenter on various aspects of his work internationally.

Summary

Antisepsis, Disinfection, and Sterilization: Types, Action, and Resistance, by Gerald E. McDonnell, is a detailed and accessible presentation of the current methods of microbial control. Each major category, such as physical disinfection methods, is given a chapter, in which theory, spectrum of activity, advantages, disadvantages, and modes of action of the methods are thoroughly and clearly presented. Sufficient background on the life cycles and general anatomy of microorganisms is provided so that the reader who is new to microbiology will better appreciate how physical and chemical biocides work their magic on microbes. Other topics in the book include:
* Evaluating the efficacy of chemical antiseptics and disinfectants, and of physical methods of microbial control and sterilization.
* Understanding how to choose the proper biocidal product and process for specific applications.
* Classic physical and chemical disinfection methods, such as heat, cold, non-ionizing radiation, acids, oxidizing agents, and metals.
* Newer chemical disinfectants, including, isothiazolones, micro-and nano-particles, and bacteriophages as control agents.
* Antisepsis of skin and wounds and the biocides that can be used as antiseptics.
* Classic methods of physical sterilization, such as, moist heat and dry heat sterilization, ionizing radiation, and filtration, along with newer methods, including, the use of plasma or pulsed light.
* Chemical sterilization methods that use ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, or a variety of other oxidizing agents.
* A detailed look at the modes of action of biocides in controlling microbial growth and disrupting microbial physiology.
* Mechanisms that microorganisms use to resist the effects of biocides.

The second edition of Antisepsis, Disinfection, and Sterilization: Types, Action, and Resistance is well suited as a textbook and is outstanding as a reference book for facilities managers and application engineers in manufacturing plants, hospitals, and food production facilities. It is also essential for public health officials, healthcare professionals, and infection control practitioners.

Product details

• Authors: McDonnell E. (DePuy Synthes) Gerald, GE McDonnell, Gerald E McDonnell, Gerald E. Mcdonnell, Gerald E. (DePuy Synthes) Mcdonnell
• Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.12.2017
• EAN: 9781555819675
• ISBN: 978-1-55581-967-5
• No. of pages: 410
• Dimensions: 184 mm x 260 mm x 25 mm
• Series: ASM Books; ASM
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Biology > General, dictionaries; Mikrobiologie, Medizin, Desinfektion, Sterilisation, microbiology, Medical Science, Mikrobiologie u. Virologie, Antisepsis