Global Exchanges - Scholarships and Transnational Circulations in the Modern World

Exchanges between different cultures and institutions of learning have taken place for centuries, but it was only in the twentieth century that such efforts evolved into formal programs that received focused attention from nation-states, empires and international organizations. Global Exchanges provides a wide-ranging overview of this underresearched topic, examining the scope, scale and evolution of organized exchanges around the globe through the twentieth century. In doing so it dramatically reveals the true extent of organized exchange and its essential contribution for knowledge transfer, cultural interchange, and the formation of global networks so often taken for granted today.

List of contents

List of Figures and Tables

Acknowledgements

List of Abbreviations

Introduction: A World of Exchanges: Conceptualizing the History of International Scholarship Programs (Nineteenth to Twenty-First Centuries)

Ludovic Tournès and Giles Scott-Smith

PART I: NATIONAL AND IMPERIAL POWER POLITICS

Chapter 1. The Politics of Scholarly Exchange: Taking the Long View on the Rhodes Scholarships

Tamson Pietsch & Meng-Hsuan Chou

Appendix: Derek Jon de Sa

Chapter 2. The Defeat of University Autonomy: French Academic Diplomacy, Mobility Scholarships and Exchange Programs (1880s-1930s)

Guillaume Tronchet

Appendix: The French-Serbian Academic Exchange Agreement of 1916

Chapter 3. The Commonwealth University Interchange Scheme: Promoting Exchanges in a Changing World (1948-1960)

Alice Byrne

Appendix: Sir Hector Hetherington (1888-1965)

Chapter 4. Students as Ambassadors: German-American Exchange Diplomacy during the 1980s

Jacob S. Eder

Appendix: Hildegard Hamm-Brücher (1921-2016)

PART II: INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING AND WORLD PEACE

Chapter 5. Muscular Christian Exchanges: Asian Sports Experts and the International YMCA Training School (1910s-1930s)

Stefan Hübner

Appendix: Dong Shouyi (1895-1978)

Chapter 6. Managing Scientific Exchange in Interwar Germany: August Wilhelm Fehling and Rockefeller Foundation Fellowships

Judith Syga-Dubois

Appendix: Eva Flügge

Chapter 7. Wedges and Webs: Rockefeller Nursing Fellowships (1920-1940)

Pierre-Yves Saunier

Appendix: Katarina Stipetic

Chapter 8. Fellowship Programs for Public Health Development: The Rockefeller Foundation, UNRRA, and the WHO (1920s - 1970s)

Yi-Tang Lin, Thomas David, Davide Rodogno

Chapter 9. New Missionaries for Social Development: The ILO Internship Program (1950-1963)

Véronique Plata-Stenger

Appendix: Fresia Carballo de Mendoza

PART III: THE COLD WAR: A GOLD AGE OF SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS

Chapter 10. The Fulbright Program and the Philosophy and Geography of US Exchange Programs since World War II

Lonnie R. Johnson

Appendix: The Long-Term Impact of the Fulbright Program. An Assessment by Bronislaw Marciniak

Chapter 11. Grassroots Diplomacy: Fighting the Cold War on the Family Farm with the International Farm Youth Exchange

Peter Simons

Appendix: Preparing for Farm Life Abroad

Chapter 12. Third World Students at Soviet Universities in the Brezhnev Period

Julie Hessler

Chapter 13. US Exchange Programs with Africa during the Civil Rights Era

Hannah Higgin

Chapter 14. Working on/Working with the Soviet Bloc: IREX, Scholarly Exchanges and Détente

Justine Faure

Appendix: Allen H. Kassof

PART IV: THE GLOBALIZATION MOMENT: NEW GEOGRAPHY AND NEW CHALLENGES

Chapter 15. American Foundations and the Challenge of Funding International Fellowship and Exchange Programs Since 1970

Patricia L. Rosenfield

Chapter 16. Global Networks, Soft Power, and the US Military

Carol Atkinson

Appendix: Kristin Lund

Chapter 17. American Fulbrighters in China (1979-2014)

Guangqiu Xu

Chapter 18. Importing Barbarian Knowledge : The JET Program and the Development of Cultural Internationalism in Japan (1987-2014)

Jesse Sargent

Appendix: The JET Alumni Association

Chapter 19. New Actors of the post-Cold War World  (Europe, China, India): Towards a Genuine Globalization of Scholarship Programs

Ludovic Tournès



Conclusion: 150 Years of Scholarship Programs: Old Trends and New Prospects in the Global Landscpe

Giles Scott-Smith and Ludovic Tournès

Selected Bibliography

Web Resources

Index

About the author

Ludovic Tournès is Professor of International History at the University of Geneva. As a specialist of cultural and scientific transnational circulations, cultural diplomacy, and US-Europe relations, he has published five books, most recently Les Etats-Unis et la Société des Nations: le système international face à l’émergence d’une superpuissance (Peter Lang, 2015).

Giles Scott-Smith is Professor of Transnational Relations and New Diplomatic History at Leiden University, and Dean of Leiden University College.

Summary

Exchanges between different cultures and institutions of learning have taken place for centuries, but it was only in the twentieth century that such efforts evolved into formal programs that received focused attention from nation-states, empires and international organizations. Global Exchanges provides a wide-ranging overview of this underresearched topic, examining the scope,  scale and evolution of organized exchanges around the globe through the twentieth century. In doing so it dramatically reveals the true extent of organized exchange and its essential contribution for knowledge transfer, cultural interchange, and the formation of global networks so often taken for granted today.

Additional text

“This is an excellent collection that treats an important subject of historical inquiry in a long and truly global context. There is a great array of temporal and geographical examples to be found here which validate the interpretive framework and cumulatively provide a valuable and original survey of ‘the first century of official scholarship.’” · Tomás Irish, Swansea University

Product details

• Authors: Ludovic Scott-Smith Tournes
• Assisted by: Giles Scott-Smith (Editor), Ludovic Tournes (Editor), Ludovic Tournès (Editor), TOURNES LUDOVIC (Editor), Tournès Ludovic (Editor)
• Publisher: BERGHAHN BOOKS, INC
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 31.10.2017
• EAN: 9781785337024
• ISBN: 978-1-78533-702-4
• No. of pages: 356
• Subjects: Humanities, art, music > Education > General, dictionaries; Non-fiction book > History > Miscellaneous; EDUCATION / History, HISTORY / Social History, Social & cultural history, History of Education, Social and cultural history