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The concepts of learning and education have been enlarging and becoming increasingly blurred. Under the last decades our way to understand and define the world around us has become both more individual and more comprehensive and systemic. This study opens up this paradox and examines some new ideas and innovations regarding learning at the interface between culture (so called "wicked problems") and knowledge culture (transdisciplinarity). Concepts of learning and education lack clarity particularly at the interface between wicked problems and transdisciplinarity. In spite of significant cultural and conceptual differences between "wicked problems" and "transdisciplinarity", as mutual learning accelerators and platforms they should be interconnected more extensively than before. Fragmented, disciplinary research and knowledge institutions and practices prevent and decelerate deep reflection of our learning concepts and practices. New forms of transdisciplinary co-operation between academic learning research and philosophy, different substance disciplines, systems thinking, evaluation research and different stakeholders are needed.
About the author
Dr. Oksanen started his career in the 1990s and has since worked as University teacher, researcher, and evaluator. In his current position in National Audit Office of Finland his speciality has been the public governance of R&D, education, and innovation. Oksanen has been a member of two international work groups of NAOs (INTOSAI).
