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Any visitor to Belgium or the Netherlands is immediately struck by the number of convents and beguinages (begijnhoven) in both major cities and small towns. Their number and location in urban centres suggests that the women who inhabited them once held a prominent role. Despite leaving a visible mark on cities in Europe, much of the story of these women - known variously as beguines, tertiaries, klopjes, recluses, and anchoresses - remains to be told. Instead of aspiring to live as traditional religious, they transcended normative assumptions about religion and gender and had a very real impact on their religious and secular worlds. The sources for their tale are often fragmentary and difficult to interpret. However, careful scrutiny allows their voices to be heard.
Drawing on an array of sources including religious rules, sermons, hagiographic vitae, and rapiaria, Fictive Orders and Feminine Religious Identities traces the story of pious laywomen between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries. It both emphasizes the innovative roles of women who transcended established forms of institutional religious life and reveals the ways in which historiographical habits have obscured the dynamic and fluid nature of their histories. By highlighting the development of irregular and extraregular communities and tracing the threads of monasticisation that wove their way around pious laywomen, this book draws attention to the vibrant and dynamic culture of feminine lay piety that persisted from the later middle ages onwards.
List of contents
- Introduction
- 1: Penitents and the Institutionalization of Penitential Life in the Thirteenth Century
- 2: After Supra Montem: The Spread of an Order?
- 3: The Western Schism, Observant Reform, and Institutionalization
- 4: Creating a Textual Identity? Pastoralia and Models of Tertiary Life
- 5: Order and Identity in Women's Communities
- 6: Unification and Regularization in the Sixteenth-Century Spiritual Climate
- Epilogue
About the author
Alison More (PhD, University of Bristol, 2005) is Assistant Professor of Medieval Studies at the University of St. Michael's College in the University of Toronto. Her research interests include the changing devotional climate of the later middle ages, with a particular focus on the new religious movements that developed at this time. She has recently held a fellowship in Women's Studies in Religion at Harvard Divinity School, and has worked at the University of Edinburgh (UK) and Radboud University (NL). She has published on topics connected with medieval religious and gender history.
Summary
Fictive Orders and Feminine Religious Identities traces the story of pious laywomen in Europe from the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries, examining the ways these women were active and engaged in their social and intellectual worlds, while also tracing the formation of modern perceptions about gender roles and the reasons why they persisted.
Additional text
[Fictive Orders] will be useful to scholars interested in medieval religious women, gendered identities and historiography. The study is well supplied with the most updated literature in the field which makes it an excellent bibliographical resource for the non-specialist interested in the history of medieval lay women and religion.
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...the book's central thesis is of compelling interest. Walter Simons, Early Modern Women
