Read more
Informationen zum Autor Editors Francesca M. Kerton, Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada Ning Yan, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore Series Editor Christian Stevens, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium Klappentext Fuels, Chemicals and Materials from the Oceans and Aquatic Sources provides a holistic view of fuels, chemicals and materials from renewable sources in the oceans and other aquatic media. It presents established and recent results regarding the use of water-based biomass, both plants and animals,for value-added applications beyond food.The book begins with an introductory chapter which provides an overview of ocean and aquatic sources for the production of chemicals and materials. Subsequent chapters focus on the use of various ocean bioresources and feedstocks, including microalgae, macroalgae, and waste from aquaculture and fishing industries, including fish oils, crustacean and mollusc shells.Fuels, Chemicals and Materials from the Oceans and Aquatic Sources serves as a valuable reference for academic and industrial professionals working on the production of chemicals, materials and fuels from renewable feedstocks. It will also prove useful for researchers in the fields of green and sustainable chemistry, marine sciences and biotechnology.Topics covered include:* Production and conversion of green macroalgae* Marine macroalgal biomass as an energy feedstock* Microalgae bioproduction* Bioproduction and utilization of chitin and chitosan* Applications of mollusc shells* Crude fish oil as a potential fuel Zusammenfassung Fuels, Chemicals and Materials from the Oceans and Aquatic Sources provides a holistic view of fuels, chemicals and materials from renewable sources in the oceans and other aquatic media. It presents established and recent results regarding the use of water-based biomass, both plants and animals,for value-added applications beyond food. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of Contributors xi Series Preface xiii Preface xv 1 Overview of Ocean and Aquatic Sources for the Production of Chemicals and Materials 1 Francesca M. Kerton and Ning Yan 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Shellfish-Based Biomass 3 1.2.1 Crustacean Shells 3 1.2.2 Mollusc Shells 7 1.3 Finfish-Based Biomass 9 1.4 Plant-Based Biomass 12 1.5 Summary and Outlook 13 References 14 2 Production and Conversion of Green Macroalgae (Ulva spp.) 19 Shuntaro Tsubaki, Wenrong Zhu and Masanori Hiraoka 2.1 Production of Ulva Biomass 19 2.1.1 Land-Based Tank Culture in K¿ochi 20 2.1.2 Improvement for More Intensive Culture 25 2.2 Conversion of Ulva Biomass 27 2.2.1 Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Reaction of Biomass 28 2.2.2 Microwave-Assisted Conversion of Ulva Biomass 29 2.3 Conclusions 36 References 36 3 A New Wave of Research Interest in Marine Macroalgae for Chemicals and Fuels: Challenges and Potentials 43 Ravi S. Baghel, Vaibhav A. Mantri and C.R.K. Reddy 3.1 Introduction 43 3.2 Macroalgal Feedstock for Chemicals 44 3.3 Marine Macroalgae as a Biorefinery Feedstock 45 3.4 Marine Macroalgal Biomass as an Energy Feedstock 46 3.4.1 Bioethanol 47 3.4.2 Biodiesel 48 3.4.3 Biobutanol 48 3.4.4 Bio-oil 55 3.5 Advances in Cultivation Technology 55 3.6 Marine Algal Cultivation for CO2 Sequestration 56 3.7 Opportunities, Challenges and Conclusions 57 References 58 4 Kappaphycus alvarezii: A Potential Sustainable Resource for Fertilizers and Fuels 65 Dibyendu Mondal and Kamalesh Prasad 4.1 Introduction 65 4.2 Composition and P...
List of contents
List of Contributors xi
Series Preface xiii
Preface xv
1 Overview of Ocean and Aquatic Sources for the Production of Chemicals and Materials 1
Francesca M. Kerton and Ning Yan
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Shellfish-Based Biomass 3
1.2.1 Crustacean Shells 3
1.2.2 Mollusc Shells 7
1.3 Finfish-Based Biomass 9
1.4 Plant-Based Biomass 12
1.5 Summary and Outlook 13
References 14
2 Production and Conversion of Green Macroalgae (Ulva spp.) 19
Shuntaro Tsubaki, Wenrong Zhu and Masanori Hiraoka
2.1 Production of Ulva Biomass 19
2.1.1 Land-Based Tank Culture in Kochi 20
2.1.2 Improvement for More Intensive Culture 25
2.2 Conversion of Ulva Biomass 27
2.2.1 Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Reaction of Biomass 28
2.2.2 Microwave-Assisted Conversion of Ulva Biomass 29
2.3 Conclusions 36
References 36
3 A New Wave of Research Interest in Marine Macroalgae for Chemicals and Fuels: Challenges and Potentials 43
Ravi S. Baghel, Vaibhav A. Mantri and C.R.K. Reddy
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Macroalgal Feedstock for Chemicals 44
3.3 Marine Macroalgae as a Biorefinery Feedstock 45
3.4 Marine Macroalgal Biomass as an Energy Feedstock 46
3.4.1 Bioethanol 47
3.4.2 Biodiesel 48
3.4.3 Biobutanol 48
3.4.4 Bio-oil 55
3.5 Advances in Cultivation Technology 55
3.6 Marine Algal Cultivation for CO2 Sequestration 56
3.7 Opportunities, Challenges and Conclusions 57
References 58
4 Kappaphycus alvarezii: A Potential Sustainable Resource for Fertilizers and Fuels 65
Dibyendu Mondal and Kamalesh Prasad
4.1 Introduction 65
4.2 Composition and Processing of Kappaphycus alvarezii 66
4.3 Simultaneous Production of Liquid Fertilizer (kappa-Sap) and kappa-Carrageenan from Fresh Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed 68
4.4 kappa-Sap as Potential Plant Stimulant 69
4.5 Manipulation of kappa-Sap for Sustainable Biomass Intensification of Maize 71
4.6 Bioethanol Production from Kappaphycus alvarezii 72
4.6.1 Pretreatment of Freshly Harvested Biomass 74
4.6.2 Hydrolysis of the Dry Biomass to Obtain Fermentable Sugars 74
4.6.3 Pretreatment of Hydrolysate to Reduce the Concentration of Fermentation Inhibitory Components 74
4.6.4 Enzymatic Fermentation of the Hydrolysate to Yield Ethanol 76
4.6.5 Purification of Ethanol from Fermentation Broth 77
4.7 Fuel Intermediates and Useful Chemical from Kappaphycus alvarezii 77
4.8 Environmental Impact of Fuel and Fertilizers Production from Kappaphycus alvarezii 79
4.9 Conclusion and Future Prospect 79
Acknowledgement 79
References 80
5 Microalgae Bioproduction - Feeds, Foods, Nutraceuticals, and Polymers 83
Clifford R. Merz and Kevan L. Main
5.1 Introduction 83
5.2 Microalgae and Bioproduction Methods 85
5.2.1 Microalgae Groups Considered 85
5.2.2 Bioproduction of Microalgae - Methods 86
5.3 Microalgae Feedstock Products and Coproducts 94
5.3.1 Microalgae as Animal Feed 94
5.3.2 Microalgae as a Human Food Source 95
5.3.3 Microalgae in Nutraceuticals 96
5.3.4 Biopolymers from Microalgae 98
5.4 Conclusion - The Path Forward 102
Acknowledgments 103
References 103
6 Innovations in Crustacean Processing: Bioproduction of Chitin and Its Derivatives 113
Heather Manuel
6.1 Introduction 113
6.2 Innovatio
