Soil Properties and Their Correlations

Soil Properties and their Correlations, Second Edition
 
Michael Carter, Geotechnical Consultant (Retired), UK
 
Stephen P Bentley, Reader in Engineering Geology, Cardiff University, UK
 

An essential guide to improving preliminary geotechnical analysis and design from limited data
 

 
Soil Properties and their Correlations, Second Edition provides a summary of commonly-used soil engineering properties and gives a wide range of correlations between the various properties, presented in the context of how they will be used in geotechnical design.
 
The book is divided into 11 chapters: Commonly-measured properties; Grading and plasticity; Density; Permeability, Consolidation and settlement; Shear strength; California bearing ratio; Shrinkage and swelling characteristics; Frost susceptibility; Susceptibility to combustion; and Soil-structure interfaces. In addition, there are two appendices: Soil classification systems; and Sampling methods.
 
This new, more comprehensive, edition provides material that would be of practical assistance to those faced with the problem of having to estimate soil behaviour from little or no laboratory test data.
 

Key features:
 

* Soil properties explained in practical terms.
 
* A large number of correlations between different soil properties.
 
* A valuable aid for assessing design values of properties.
 
* Clear statements on practical limitations and accuracy.
 

 
An invaluable source of reference for experienced professionals working on geotechnical design, it will also give students and early-career engineers an in-depth appreciation of the appropriate use of each property and the pitfalls to avoid.

List of contents

Preface x
 
Acknowledgements xii
 
List of Symbols xiii
 
List of Property Values and Correlations in the Tables and Figures xx
 
1 Commonly Measured Properties 1
 
1.1 Moisture Content 2
 
1.1.1 Test Methods 2
 
1.2 Grading 3
 
1.2.1 Test Methods 4
 
1.3 Plasticity 7
 
1.3.1 Test Methods 7
 
1.4 Specific Gravity of Soil Particles 10
 
1.4.1 Test Method 10
 
1.5 Soil Density 11
 
1.5.1 Test Methods 12
 
1.6 Permeability 16
 
1.6.1 Test Methods 17
 
1.7 Consolidation 19
 
1.7.1 Test Method 20
 
1.8 Shear Strength 21
 
1.8.1 Test Methods 22
 
1.8.2 Choice of Shear Strength Test 27
 
1.9 Standard Compaction Test 27
 
1.9.1 Test Method 27
 
1.10 California Bearing Ratio 30
 
1.10.1 Test Method 30
 
1.11 Other Properties 32
 
1.11.1 Swelling Potential 32
 
1.11.2 Frost Susceptibility 32
 
1.11.3 Combustible Content 33
 
References 33
 
2 Grading and Plasticity 34
 
2.1 Grading 34
 
2.1.1 The influence of Grading on Soil Properties 35
 
2.1.2 Standard Grading Divisions 36
 
2.2 Plasticity 38
 
2.2.1 Consistency Limits 41
 
2.2.2 Development of the Liquid and Plastic Limit Tests 42
 
2.2.3 Plasticity Test Results and Plasticity Descriptions 43
 
2.2.4 The Shrinkage Limit Test 43
 
2.2.5 Consistency Limits as Indicators of Soil Behaviour 45
 
2.2.6 Limitations of the Use of Plasticity Limits 47
 
References 47
 
3 Density 49
 
3.1 Density in the Context of Soils 49
 
3.1.1 Density Relationships 50
 
3.1.2 Typical Natural Density Values 53
 
3.2 Compacted Density 53
 
3.2.1 Typical Compacted Density Values 54
 
3.2.2 Quick Estimates of Maximum Dry Density and Optimum Moisture Content 55
 
3.3 Relative Density 59
 
3.3.1 Field Measurement of Relative Density 59
 
3.3.2 SPT Correction Factors 60
 
3.3.3 Other Dynamic Cone Tests 64
 
3.3.4 Static Cone Tests 65
 
References 66
 
4 Permeability 68
 
4.1 Effects of Soil Macro?]Structure 69
 
4.2 Typical Values 69
 
4.3 Permeability and Grading 71
 
References 73
 
5 Consolidation and Settlement 74
 
5.1 Compressibility of Clays 75
 
5.1.1 Compressibility Parameters 75
 
5.1.2 Settlement Calculations Using Consolidation Theory 78
 
5.1.3 Settlement Calculations Using Elastic Theory 79
 
5.1.4 Typical Values and Correlations of Compressibility Coefficients 81
 
5.1.5 Settlement Corrections 84
 
5.2 Rate of Consolidation of Clays 86
 
5.3 Secondary Compression 88
 
5.4 Settlement of Sands and Gravels 92
 
5.4.1 Methods Based on Standard Penetration Tests 93
 
5.4.2 Methods Based on Plate Bearing Tests 101
 
5.5 Assessment of Settlement Parameters from Static Cone Penetration Testing 102
 
5.5.1 Coefficient of Volume Compressibility 102
 
5.5.2 Coefficient of Consolidation 103
 
References 105
 
6 Shear Strength 107
 
6.1 Stresses Within a Material 108
 
6.1.1 The Mohr Diagram 108
 
6.1.2 Relationships of Stresses at a Point 108
 
6.2 Shear Strength in Soils 113
 
6.3 The Choice of Total or Effective Stress Analysis 116
 
6.3.1 The Choice in Practice 116
 
6.4 Peak, Residual and Constant?]Volume Shear Strength 118
 
6.5 Undrained Shear Strength of Clays 119
 
6.5.1 Co

About the author

Michael Carter was born and raised in Adelaide, South Australia. During his youth he predominantly worked in trades and musical entertainment, honing a creative mind and passion for storytelling. It wasn't until Michael had children of his own that this passion was properly put to use, imagining various tales to help his kids fall asleep. This was where the beginnings of his first published work The Secret Bird came to fruition. Now a retired father of five young men, Michael has found the time to properly dedicate himself to fulfilling a lifelong wish of being a published author.

Summary

Soil Properties and their Correlations, Second Edition

Michael Carter, Geotechnical Consultant (Retired), UK

Stephen P Bentley, Reader in Engineering Geology, Cardiff University, UK

An essential guide to improving preliminary geotechnical analysis and design from limited data

Soil Properties and their Correlations, Second Edition provides a summary of commonly-used soil engineering properties and gives a wide range of correlations between the various properties, presented in the context of how they will be used in geotechnical design.

The book is divided into 11 chapters: Commonly-measured properties; Grading and plasticity; Density; Permeability, Consolidation and settlement; Shear strength; California bearing ratio; Shrinkage and swelling characteristics; Frost susceptibility; Susceptibility to combustion; and Soil-structure interfaces. In addition, there are two appendices: Soil classification systems; and Sampling methods.

This new, more comprehensive, edition provides material that would be of practical assistance to those faced with the problem of having to estimate soil behaviour from little or no laboratory test data.

Key features:

* Soil properties explained in practical terms.

* A large number of correlations between different soil properties.

* A valuable aid for assessing design values of properties.

* Clear statements on practical limitations and accuracy.

An invaluable source of reference for experienced professionals working on geotechnical design, it will also give students and early-career engineers an in-depth appreciation of the appropriate use of each property and the pitfalls to avoid.

Product details

• Authors: Stephen P Bentley, Stephen P. Bentley, Stephen P. Carter Bentley, Bentley Stephen P., M Carter, Michae Carter, Michael Carter, Michael (Unversity of Surrey Carter, Michael Bentley Carter, Carter Michael
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 07.10.2016
• EAN: 9781119130871
• ISBN: 978-1-119-13087-1
• No. of pages: 256
• Subjects: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > Structural and environmental engineering; Bodenkunde, Grundbau, Geowissenschaften, erdbau, Earth Sciences, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Soil Constructions & Geotechnics, Grundbau / Geotechnik, Erd- u. Grundbau, Soil (Civil Engineering), Bodenkunde, Geoarchäologie, Soil Science & Geoarchaeology